W1 Applications of public health

Question 1

where does hematological diseases belong to?

Answer 1

non- communicable diseases
* accounts 43% of total deaths

Question 3

what is the risk factor for TB

Answer 3

anemia

Question 4

what is the importance of PH surveillance in haemotology related diseases?

Answer 4

develop early detection programmes tailored to local needs and resources, with prioritisation of
allocation of resources

Question 5

why is haemotlogical dieases prevent?

Answer 5

financial burden
* research is only forced on the north, neglecting Africa

Question 6

what were the 5 themes determined on the study conducted to investigate reasons for financial burden?

Answer 6

• familial/ household impact
• reliance on others
• barriers to care due to cost
• barriers to accessing financial assistance
• sources of out- of - pocket expenses

Question 7

what are the determinants of haematological diseases?

Answer 7

• non modifiable risk: age, sex, genetic
• behavioral risk factors: immuno compromise
• physiological risk factors: deficiencies, infections, toxins, medications

Question 8

what are the level of prevention of haemotological diseases?

Answer 8

primordial: social
primary: health promotion(diet, excercise, alcohol, tobacco), folate
- secondary: asymptomatic, screening, safe adequate food supply
tertiary: symtomatic: treatment, adherence, rehabilitation

Question 9

outline the south african national blood services

Answer 9

-SANBS is a non-profit organisation
* provide patients with
– sufficient, safe, quality blood products
– medical services related to blood transfusion
* rated amongst the best services in the world
– provision of blood and blood products
– research and training provided
* operates across all of South Africa, with the exclusion
of the Western Cape

Question 10

what are the services offered by sanbs?

Answer 10

Blood products, clinical services, specialised services, proficiency
testing
* Demand for blood in South Africa
– cancer patients
– childbirth
– emergency situations
* natural disasters
* trauma situations
* In South Africa blood shortages occur most often during school
holidays
– lower collections of blood as a result of schools and universities
closing
– demand staying consistent

Question 11

current blood stock?

Answer 11

5 days

Question 12

platelet stock is at?

Answer 12

0.3 days

Question 13

what are the minimum requirement to be a blood donor?

Answer 13

• 1st time donor: 16-65 yrs old
• min. weight 5okg
• good health
• low risk lifestyle
• blood safe for transfusion
• not have donated blood in the late 56 days
• pulse 50-100 regular beats / min
• Bp is 100/60 arvg
• Hb level is 12.5 g/dL OR ABOVE

Question 14

who does anemia mostly affect?

Answer 14

HIV AND TB patients