W2 - Recognition and Management of Sick Kids

Question 1

what might make it difficult to assess children

Answer 1

practical
developmental
psychological
physiological

Question 2

how is a child more likely to have a cardiac arrest resulting in MI compared with adults

Answer 2

adults - atherosclerosis - MI
kids - resp distress OR epilepsy - MI

Question 3

why is cardiac arrest prognosis so poor in kids

Answer 3

respiratory issues and epilepsy most likely cause and cannot be corrected by CPR

Question 4

what is a PEWS chart

Answer 4

paediatric early warning score
a kids NEWS score

Question 5

what is the most common presentation of kids

Answer 5

fever

Question 6

wat is the normal physiological and aetiological response to infection

Answer 6

infection - pyrogen - anterior hypothalamus - increase in body temp

Question 7

why does the body cause a fever in response to infection

Answer 7

inhibits growth and replication of pathogen

Promotes immune response

Question 8

what are the most common causes of fever in kids

Answer 8

1. meningitis
2. otitis media
3. tonsilitis
4. septic arthritis
5. UTI

Question 9

what does a non-blanching rash imply

Answer 9

meningococcal septicaemia

Question 10

what is meningitis

Answer 10

photophobia
neck stiffness

Question 11

what is the APLS approach

Answer 11

structured approach focuses the clinician on resuscitation, emergency treatment followed by continual stabilisation and then transfer to a definitive care environment.

Question 12

how do you check capillary refill on a child

Answer 12

on the sternum
hold down for 5 seconds
release and time how long

Question 13

what is the definition of shock

Answer 13

inadequate perfusion of vital organs

Question 14

how do you manage shhock in kids

Answer 14

aggressive fluid resus - 10ml/kilo isotonic saline

reassess

Question 15

what are the 5 causes of shock

Answer 15

hypovolaemia
distributive
cardiogenic
obstructive
dissociative

Question 16

what antibiotics do you give for sepsis due to meningococcal

Answer 16

IV ceftriaxone

Question 17

how many mls is 1oz

Answer 17

30ml

Question 18

would you do a septic screen for a 4wk old with a PEWS score of 1

Answer 18

YES
all under 3m who score with a fever are at high risk

Question 19

what are the key clinical features of kawasaki disease

Answer 19

persistent fever
strawberry lips
swollen fingers/toes
swollen glands
bloodshot eyes
red rash

Question 20

what is the key complication of Kawasaki disease

Answer 20

cardiac - coronary artery aneurysm