W04_01 Hypokinetic movement disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

definition of parkinsonism?

A

bradykinesia, plus one of:

  • rigidity,
  • tremor,
  • postural instability (unrelated to visual/vestibular/cerebellar dysfunction)
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2
Q

which abnormality of the hand is an early sign of PD?

A

flexion @ MCP,

extension @ digits

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3
Q

these are required for diagnosing PD:

A
at least 3 of:
unilateral/asymmetric onset
persistent asymmetry
great response to L-DOPA
long-term response to L-DOPA
L-DOPA induced chorea
rest tremor
progressive
long term course
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4
Q

pathologic associations of PD?

A

loss of dopaminergic neurons of subtantia nigra pars compacta;
overabundance of eosinophilic lewy bodies

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5
Q

most common genetic mutation of PD?

A

LRRK 2 mutation;

Parkin mutation

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6
Q

multiple system atrophy includes these symptoms

A
BPH or bladder problems;
postural instability;
orthostatic hypotension;
symmetric rigidity;
anterocollis;
stridor;
swallowing difficulty
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7
Q

imaging characteristics of MSA?

A

hypointense posterior putamen in T2;

hyperintense hot cross bun on pons in T2

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8
Q

progressive supranuclear palsy symptoms?

A
hard to move eyes, especially down (but can move by VOR);
postural instability;
symmetric bradykinesia;
swallowing/speaking issues;
axial rigidity;
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9
Q

progressive supranuclear palsy imaging signs?

A

atrophy midbrain (hummingbird sign)

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10
Q

typical sign of corticobasal degeneration?

A

limb/hand curls up and twitches. forget how to use the hand (apraxia). hand moves on its own (alien limb syndrome)

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11
Q

name a few types of atypical parinsonisms

A

MSA,
PSP,
CBD,
Wilson’s disease

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12
Q

name examples of drugs that can cause parkinsonism

A

antipsychotics,

lithium

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