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Boards Review > W/L Ch 20 Surface and Sectional Anatomy Quiz > Flashcards

W/L Ch 20 Surface and Sectional Anatomy Quiz Flashcards

1
Q 
Which of the following imaging studies could be best described as studies that do not use ionizing radiation? 
I.  X-ray
II. X-ray studies using contrast agents
III. Computed tomography (CT)
IV. Nuclear medicine
V. Ultrasound
VI. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

a. I and II
b. III and IV
c. V and VI
d. None of the above

A

c. V and VI

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2
Q

Which of the following describes why ultrasound is not useful when imaging the skull, lungs, or intestines?

a. Ultrasound does not penetrate bone.
b. Ultrasound does not penetrate air-filled spaces.
c. Ultrasound may not undergo reverse photoelectric absorption.
d. Both a and b are correct.
e. Both a and c are correct.

A

d. Both a and b are correct.

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3
Q 
Which of the following anatomic landmarks is located in the head and neck area?
I.  Superior orbital margin
II. Nasion
III. External occipital protuberance 
IV. Mastoid process

a. I
b. II and III
c. III and IV
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

Bony landmarks of the anterior and lateral skull are listed as frontal bone, glabella, nasion, super ciliary arch, superior orbital margin, maxilla, zygomatic arch, mastoid process, external occipital protuberance, and angle of the mandible.

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4
Q

The asthenic body type represents what percentage of the general population?

a. 5%
b. 10% to 12%
c. 30% to 35%
d. 50%

A

b. 10% to 12%

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5
Q

Which of the following body types has a massive and powerful physique and great body weight with a heavy bony framework and a high alimentary tract? This body type also has a short, wide trunk with a long abdomen of great capacity.

a. Sthenic
b. Hyposthenic
c. Hypersthenic
d. Asthenic

A

c. Hypersthenic

The hypersthenic habitus represents about 5% of the population and exhibits a short, wide trunk; great body weight; and a heavy skeletal framework. The abdomen is long with great capacity, the alimentary tract is high, and the stomach is almost thoracic.

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6
Q

Which of the following sinuses are located directly inferior to and form the floor of the orbit?

a. Maxillary
b. Sphenoidal
c. Frontal
d. Ethmoidal

A

a. Maxillary

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7
Q

For which of the following are the clavicles useful as an anatomic landmark?

a. Outlining the supraclavicular fossa (SCF) field for treatment of the “lower neck” in head and neck tumors
b. Treating the upper chest lymphatics
c. Estimating the location of the brachial plexus
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

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8
Q

If a breast tumor is located in the inner upper or lower quadrant, the lymph node drainage is to which of the following?

a. Internal mammary lymph nodes
b. Axillary lymph node
c. Supraclavicular lymph nodes
d. Hilar lymph nodes

A

a. Internal mammary lymph nodes

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9
Q

If a breast tumor is located in the outer upper or lower quadrant, the lymph node drainage is to which of the following?

a. Internal mammary lymph nodes
b. Axillary lymph node
c. Supraclavicular lymph nodes
d. Hilar lymph nodes

A

b. Axillary lymph node

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10
Q

In females with large breasts, the area around the ___________________ is of great concern in external beam treatment because of the breast tissue acting as a bolus.

a. nipple
b. areola
c. tail of Spence
d. inframammary sulcus

A

d. inframammary sulcus

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11
Q

The bony structure that is located directly anterior to the ninth or tenth thoracic vertebra is which of the following?

a. Sternal notch
b. Xiphoid process
c. Hyoid bone
d. None of the above

A

b. Xiphoid process

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12
Q

The bony structure that is located directly anterior to the second thoracic vertebra is which of the following?

a. Suprasternal notch (SSN)
b. Xiphoid process
c. Hyoid bone
d. None of the above

A

a. Suprasternal notch (SSN)

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13
Q

Which of the following is the bony structure located directly anterior to the fourth thoracic vertebra?

a. Suprasternal notch
b. Xiphoid process
c. Hyoid bone
d. Sternal angle

A

d. Sternal angle

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14
Q

The vertebral level that is associated with the spine of the scapula is which of the following?

a. Third thoracic
b. Seventh cervical
c. Seventh thoracic
d. Second lumbar

A

a. Third thoracic

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15
Q

Which portion of the spinal column is composed of four fused vertebrae?

a. Coccyx
b. Sacrum
c. Symphysis pubis
d. Lumbar vertebrae

A

a. Coccyx

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16
Q

The thoracic lymph duct begins in the abdomen at which of the following levels?

a. T11
b. L2
c. L5
d. T2

A

b. L2

The thoracic duct is on the left side of the body, is approximately 35 to 45 cm in length, and begins in front of the second lumbar vertebra (L2).

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17
Q

Which body type has a slender physique, long narrow lung fields that are widest in their upper zones, a heart that is pendent in form, and a pelvis with great capacity?

a. Sthenic
b. Hyposthenic
c. Hypersthenic
d. Asthenic

A

d. Asthenic

The asthenic habitus demonstrates a more slender physique, light body weight, and a lighter skeletal framework. The thorax has long, narrow lung fields with its widest portion in the upper zones. The heart is commonly pendent in form. It has an abdomen longer than the hypersthenic and is typically accompanied by a pelvis with great capacity.

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18
Q

The hypersthenic body type represents what percentage of the general population?

a. 5%
b. 10%
c. 35%
d. 50%

A

a. 5%

The hypersthenic habitus represents about 5% of the population and exhibits a short, wide trunk; great body weight; and a heavy skeletal framework.

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19
Q

The right lymphatic duct “drains” which of the following?

a. Upper left part of the body
b. Lower left part of the body
c. Upper right part of the body
d. Lower extremities and abdomen

A

c. Upper right part of the body

The right lymphatic duct serves only the right arm and right side of the head and neck. The thoracic duct serves the lower extremities, abdomen, left arm, and left side of the head and neck.

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20
Q 
Which of the following describes the curves of the spinal column that are not present at birth (sometimes called the secondary curves)?
I.  Cervical
II. Thoracic
III. Lumbar
IV. Pelvic

a. I and II
b. I and III
c. I and IV
d. II and IV

A

b. I and III

21
Q

Which of the following structures is located in the anterior portion of the neck; directly inferior to the thyroid cartilage and superior to the suprasternal notch?

a. Mandible
b. Hyoid bone
c. Tip of the xiphoid process
d. Cricoid cartilage

A

d. Cricoid cartilage

22
Q

Which structure is located approximately 2 cm anterior and 2 cm superior to the external auditory meatus?

a. Maxillary sinus
b. Nasion
c. Sella turcica
d. Ethmoidal sinus

A

c. Sella turcica

23
Q

The movement of lymph through the lymphatic system is caused by which of the following?

a. The motion of the adjacent muscles
b. A primitive two-chamber heart located in the posterior portion of the mediastinum
c. Hydrostatic and osmotic pressure differences in the body
d. Both a and c

A

d. Both a and c

24
Q

Place the following structures in order, starting with the most superior structure and finishing with the most inferior structure.
I. Thyroid cartilage
II. Hyoid bone
III. Cricoid cartilage

a. I, II, III
b. I, III, II
c. II, I, III
d. II, III, I

A

c. II, I, III

25
Q

The sinuses that are located directly superior to the orbit are which of the following?

a. Maxillary
b. Sphenoidal
c. Frontal
d. Ethmoidal

A

c. Frontal

26
Q

Which of the following is the largest of the paranasal sinuses?

a. Frontal
b. Ethmoid
c. Maxillary
d. Sphenoid

A

c. Maxillary

27
Q

The sella turcica is a depression of the _____ bone, which holds the pituitary gland.

a. ethmoid
b. temporal
c. sphenoid
d. occipital

A

c. sphenoid

28
Q

Trace lymphatic drainage from the right lung to its return to the cardiovascular system.
I. Paratracheal lymph nodes
II. Pulmonary/intrapulmonary lymph nodes
III. Hilar/bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
IV. Carinal/inferior mediastinal lymph nodes

a. I, II, III, IV
b. II, III, IV, I
c. III, II, IV, III
d. IV, III, II, I

A

b. II, III, IV, I

In the right lung, all three lobes drain into the intrapulmonary and hilar nodes. They then flow to the carinal nodes and then to the paratracheal nodes.

29
Q

Which of the following is the portion of the spinal column that is composed of five fused vertebrae?

a. Coccyx
b. Sacrum
c. Symphysis pubis
d. Lumbar vertebrae

A

b. Sacrum

30
Q

Which of the following is the structure located immediately superior and medial to the left kidney?

a. Gallbladder
b. Spleen
c. Adrenal gland
d. Prostrate

A

c. Adrenal gland

31
Q

Which of the following structures or landmarks is associated with the bifurcation of the trachea?

a. Tip of the scapula
b. Tip of the xiphoid process
c. Sternal angle
d. Both a and b

A

c. Sternal angle

32
Q

If a cross section of the thorax is taken at about 10 cm inferior to the suprasternal notch (6 cm inferior to sternal angle), which structure(s) will not be visualized?

a. Trachea
b. Esophagus
c. Scapula
d. Both a and c

A

c. Scapula

33
Q 
Which of the following structures is not located at the level of the fourth thoracic vertebrae?
I.  Angle of Louis
II. Medial aspect of the clavicle
III. Carina
IV. Inferior tip of the scapula

a. I and II
b. II and I
c. I and III
d. I and IV

A

d. I and IV

question says is NOT located, answer key listed ones that ARE located….
The sternal angle is also called the angle of Louis. It is located at the level of T4.
The carina occurs at the level of T4-5.

correct answer is not an option

34
Q 
The lambdoidal suture is formed by which bones?
I.  Frontal
II. Sphenoid
III. Parietal
IV. Temporal
V. Occipital

a. I, III
b. I, III
c. V, III
d. IV, V

A

c. V, III

35
Q

The bone directly anterior to the temporal bone on a lateral view of the surface of the skull is the _______ bone.

a. ethmoid
b. lacrimal
c. sphenoid
d. parietal

A

c. sphenoid

36
Q

Which bone is visualized in the anterior portion of the neck on a lateral radiograph; located in the region inferior to the mandible and superior to the suprasternal notch at the superior border of C4?

a. Hyoid bone
b. Thyroid cartilage
c. Tip of the xiphoid process
d. Cricoid cartilage

A

a. Hyoid bone

37
Q

Which of the following structures is located at approximately the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra?

a. Umbilicus
b. Ischial tuberosity
c. Liver
d. Hilum of right kidney

A

a. Umbilicus

38
Q

Which of the following describes the anatomic relationship of the esophagus to the trachea and vertebral column?

a. The esophagus is anterior to the trachea and posterior to the vertebral column.
b. The esophagus is posterior to the trachea and anterior to the vertebral column.
c. The esophagus is anterior to the vertebral column and anterior to the trachea.
d. The esophagus is posterior to the vertebral column and posterior to the trachea.

A

b. The esophagus is posterior to the trachea and anterior to the vertebral column.

39
Q

The adult vertebral column usually consists of _____ bones.

a. 16
b. 25
c. 33
d. 42

A

c. 33

40
Q

Which of the following is the vertebral level associated with the inferior angle of the scapula?

a. Third thoracic
b. Seventh cervical
c. Seventh thoracic
d. Second lumbar

A

c. Seventh thoracic

41
Q

A patient is to be treated with a pelvic field on a linear accelerator. The patient is quite obese and the port films show that the field shifts superiorly and inferiorly on a daily basis. What bony landmark may measurements be taken from to stabilize this treatment portal?

a. Umbilicus
b. Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
c. Pubic symphysis
d. Patella

A

b. Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

42
Q

Which of the following is abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column with excessive right or left curvature in the thoracic region?

a. Scoliosis
b. Kyphosis
c. Lordosis

A

a. Scoliosis

43
Q

Which of the following is the bony surface landmark that is indicated by dimples above and medial to the buttock, about 5 cm from midline?

a. Coccyx
b. Iliac crests
c. Coccyx
d. PSIS

A

d. PSIS

44
Q

Which organ begins at the lower border of the cricoid cartilage and travels through the diaphragm to the cardiac sphincter?

a. Trachea
b. Bronchus
c. Esophagus
d. None of the above

A

c. Esophagus

45
Q

Which of the following is a disadvantage of MRI over CT?

a. Magnetic shielding requirements that are expensive
b. Lower numbers of patients who can be imaged per hour
c. Increased cost
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

46
Q

The drainage lymphatics of the left lower lobe of the lung include which of the following?

a. Right paratracheal lymph nodes
b. Abdominal aortic nodes
c. Splenic hilar nodes
d. Celiac axis nodes

A

a. Right paratracheal lymph nodes

47
Q

Where is Rotter’s node located?

a. Supraclavicular triangle
b. Infraclavicular fossa
c. Anterior aspect of the neck
d. Axilla

A

b. Infraclavicular fossa

48
Q

Which is the largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body?

a. Liver
b. Tonsils
c. Spleen
d. Thymus

A

c. Spleen

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