VTE: Risk Factors Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 3 common predisposing factors for VTE?
A
- Malignancy
- Pregnancy
- Post-operative.
2
Q
What are some general situations that can lead to VTE?
A
- Increased risk with advancing age
- Obesity
- Family history of VTE
- Pregnancy (especially puerperium)
- Immobility
- Hospitalisation
- Anaesthesia
- Central venous catheter: femoral >> subclavian
3
Q
What are some underlying conditions that can lead to VTE?
A
- Malignancy
- Thrombophilia: (Activated protein C resistance, protein C and S deficiency)
- Heart failure
- Antiphospholipid syndrome
- Behcet’s
- Polycythaemia
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Sickle cell disease
- Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
- Hyperviscosity syndrome
- Homocystinuria
4
Q
What are some medications that can increase the chance of developing a VTE?
A
- Combined oral contraceptive pill: 3rd generation more than 2nd generation
- Hormone replacement therapy: the risk of VTE is higher in women taking oestrogen + progestogen preparations compared to those taking oestrogen only preparations
- Raloxifene and tamoxifen
- Antipsychotics (especially olanzapine) have recently been shown to be a risk factor
5
Q
What % of patients diagnosed with PE have no major risk factors?
A
40%
6
Q
Which antipsychotic is most known to be a risk factor for VTE?
A
Olanzapine
7
Q
A
8
Q
Which generation of COCP is more likely to cause VTE?
A
3rd generation (more than 2nd generation)
9
Q
What HRT type is more likely to cause a VTE: progesterone only or progesterone & oestrogen?
A
Progesterone and oestrogen.
