Myocardial Infarction: Complications Flashcards
Most commonly occurs due to ventricular fibrillation.
Most common cause of death post MI.
Cardiac arrest
Chronic complication of MI.
The Ventricular myocardium is dysfunctional.
Furosemide help to redue overload.
BB and ACE help to improve long term prognosis.
Chronic heart failure
The myocardium becomes damaged and the ejection fraction of the heart decreases to the point that the patient develops this.
Other causes of this include: ‘mechanical complications’ like ventricular free wall rupture.
Treatment is ionotropic support and an intra-aortic balloon pump.
Cardiogenic shock
Common types of these arrythmias post-MI are:
Ventricular fibrillation (most common)
Ventricular Tachycardia
Tachyarrhythmias
Atrioventricular block is the most common of these arrythmias
Bradyarrhythmias
Pericarditis is common in the first [1st blank] hours after a transmural MI.
[2nd blank] of patients will get it.
48 hours
10%
Doing what, positionally, makes the pain worse in pericarditis?
Lying flat.
What is the pathophysiology Dressler’s syndrome?
An autoimmune reaction against antigenic proteins formed as the myocardium recovers.
When does Dressler’s syndrome usually occur?
2-6 weeks
What are the characteristic features of Dressler’s syndrome?
- Fever
- Pleuritic pain
- Pericardial effusion
- Raised ESR
What is the treatment for Dressler’s syndrome?
NSAIDs
Ischaemic damage causes an aneurysm to form.
Is associated with persistent ST elevation & LVF.
Left ventricular aneurysm
Why are patients with left ventricular aneurysm anticoagulated?
Because clots can form in the aneurysm increasing the risk of stroke.
Occurs 1-2 weeks afterward MI.
Occurs in 3% of MIs.
Left Ventricular Free Wall Rupture
What are the signs/symptoms of left ventricular free wall rupture?
- Acute heart failure secondary to cardiac tamponade
- Raised JVP
- Pulsus Paradoxus
- Diminished heart sounds
