VTE Flashcards
1
Q
Types of VTE
A
DVT
PE
- due to blood clot which forms in the veins - restricts blood flow
2
Q
RF
A
Surgery
Trauma
Significant immobility
Malignancy
Obesity
Pregnancy
Hormonal Therapy (COC or HRT)
3
Q
DVT
A
- Blood clot occurs in a deep vein leg or pelvis
- Typically in the calf of one leg.
4
Q
Symptoms of DVT
A
- unilateral, localised pain
- swelling/ tenderness
5
Q
Wells score for DVT
A
- 2 + = DVT likely
- less than 2 = unlikely
6
Q
2 + wells score for DVT
A
- Offer a proximal leg vein ultrasound scan
- If the scan is negative for
DVT, then offer a D-Dimer test
7
Q
Less than 2 wells score for DVT
A
- Offer first a D-Dimer test
- If the D-Dimer test confirms that DVT is likely, then offer a proximal leg ultrasound scan
8
Q
PE
A
Blood clot detaches and travels to the lungs and blocks the pulmonary artery.
9
Q
Symptoms of PE
A
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Cough
- Coughing blood (Haemoptysis)
10
Q
Wells score for PE
A
- 4 + = PE likely
- less than 4 = unlikely
11
Q
4 + wells score for PE
A
- computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA)
- if PE is negative, consider proximal leg ultrasound if DVT is suspected/likely
12
Q
Less than 4 wells score for PE
A
- D-dimer test
- if positive = CTPA
13
Q
Methods of thromboprophylaxis (2)
A
- Mechanical - graduated compression stockings
- Pharmacological - anticoagulants
14
Q
How would you reduce risk of VTE in surgical patients?
A
- LA over GA
15
Q
In surgical pt - how long is mechanical prophylaxis for VTE sufficient
A
- until sufficiently mobile
- discharged from hospital, some surgeries require them to be worn for certain amount of days
