OEDEMA

Question 1

Oedema

Answer 1

water retention in the system causing:
- pulmonary or
- peripheral oedema

Question 2

Thiazide diuretics - examples

Answer 2

Bendroflumethiazide, Indapamide

Question 3

Thiazide diuretics - MOA

Answer 3

Inhibit sodium reabsorption at the beginning of the distal convoluted tubule

Question 4

Thiazide diuretics - how long do they last?

Answer 4

Lasts up to 24 hours so need to be given early in day to avoid sleep disruption

Question 5

Loop diuretics - examples

Answer 5

Furosemide, Bumetanide, Torasemide

Used in pulmonary oedema due to left ventricular failure

Question 6

Loop diuretics - MOA

Answer 6

Inhibit reabsorption from the ascending limb of the loop of Henlé

Question 7

Loop diuretics - how long do they last?

Answer 7

Last 6 hours so can be given twice a day without interfering with sleep

Question 8

Which diuretic is better if pt is waking to pee?

Answer 8

Loop

Question 9

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics - examples

Answer 9

Amiloride, Triamterene (blue urine)

Question 10

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics - MOA

Answer 10

Prevent sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule collecting duct

Question 11

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics - cautions

Answer 11

Should not be taken with potassium supplements

Question 12

Aldosterone Antagonists - examples

Answer 12

Spironolactone, Eplerenone

Question 13

Aldosterone Antagonists - MOA

Answer 13

Inhibits potassium secretion in the distal tubule collecting duct

Question 14

Aldosterone Antagonists - cautions

Answer 14

Stopped if person becomes dehydrated due to vomiting and/or diarrhoea
Should not be taken with potassium supplements

Question 15

Diuretics - side effects

Answer 15

All induce hyponatraemia and hypomagnesaemia

Question 16

Loop + Thiazide Diuretics - side effects

Answer 16

Hypokalaemia
Exacerbate Diabetes and Exacerbate Gout (Loop only)
Hypotension

Question 17

Which diuretics causes gout?

Answer 17

Loop

Question 18

Potassium Sparing Diuretics - side effects

Answer 18

Hyperkalaemia
Change in libido
Breast pain or tenderness

Question 19

Diuretic - interactions

Answer 19

Loop + Thiazide: Hypokalaemia Inducing Drugs
Potassium Sparing: Hyperkalaemia Inducing Drugs
Loop Diuretics + Aminoglycosides: Nephrotoxicity and Ototoxicity
Spironolactone / Loop + Lithium: Reduce Lithium Secretion