OEDEMA Flashcards
Oedema
water retention in the system causing:
- pulmonary or
- peripheral oedema
Thiazide diuretics - examples
Bendroflumethiazide, Indapamide
Thiazide diuretics - MOA
Inhibit sodium reabsorption at the beginning of the distal convoluted tubule
Thiazide diuretics - how long do they last?
Lasts up to 24 hours so need to be given early in day to avoid sleep disruption
Loop diuretics - examples
Furosemide, Bumetanide, Torasemide
Used in pulmonary oedema due to left ventricular failure
Loop diuretics - MOA
Inhibit reabsorption from the ascending limb of the loop of Henlé
Loop diuretics - how long do they last?
Last 6 hours so can be given twice a day without interfering with sleep
Which diuretic is better if pt is waking to pee?
Loop
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics - examples
Amiloride, Triamterene (blue urine)
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics - MOA
Prevent sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule collecting duct
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics - cautions
Should not be taken with potassium supplements
Aldosterone Antagonists - examples
Spironolactone, Eplerenone
Aldosterone Antagonists - MOA
Inhibits potassium secretion in the distal tubule collecting duct
Aldosterone Antagonists - cautions
Stopped if person becomes dehydrated due to vomiting and/or diarrhoea
Should not be taken with potassium supplements
Diuretics - side effects
All induce hyponatraemia and hypomagnesaemia
Loop + Thiazide Diuretics - side effects
Hypokalaemia
Exacerbate Diabetes and Exacerbate Gout (Loop only)
Hypotension
Which diuretics causes gout?
Loop
Potassium Sparing Diuretics - side effects
Hyperkalaemia
Change in libido
Breast pain or tenderness
Diuretic - interactions
Loop + Thiazide: Hypokalaemia Inducing Drugs
Potassium Sparing: Hyperkalaemia Inducing Drugs
Loop Diuretics + Aminoglycosides: Nephrotoxicity and Ototoxicity
Spironolactone / Loop + Lithium: Reduce Lithium Secretion
