Voice and Resonance Disorders

Question 1

Aspects of voice

Answer 1

duration/time, pitch/frequency, loudness/intensity

Question 2

Normal FF Women

Answer 2

200 hz

Question 3

Normal FF Children

Answer 3

225-250 hz

Question 4

Normal FF Men

Answer 4

125 Hz

Question 5

Conversational Speech

Answer 5

60-65 dB

Question 6

Puberphonia (Mutational falsetto)

Answer 6

pitch of voice does not change during puberty. Hormones impact vocal folds in men and women and change voice quality.

Question 7

Resonance

Answer 7

quality of voice that is produced from sound vibrations in oral, nasal, and pharyngeal cavities.

Question 8

Velopharyngeal Dysfunction

Answer 8

failure of velopharyngeal mechanism to separate oral and nasal cavities during speech. Cleft palate, all sounds are nasal.

Question 9

Perceptual correlate of FF

Answer 9

vocal pitch

Question 10

Perceptual correlate of intensity

Answer 10

vocal loudness

Question 11

vocal misuse/abuse

Answer 11

anything too loud beyond capacity. Talking long time without rest, talking too loud, throat dryness.

Question 12

vocal nodules (organic)

Answer 12

growths resulting from frequent, hard vocal fold collisions. Vocal abuse. Hoarseness and breathiness

Question 13

vocal polyps (organic)

Answer 13

fluid filled lesions that develop when blood vessels rupture and swell.

Question 14

sessile polyps

Answer 14

closely adhere to vocal folds and can cover two-thirds of the vocal fold. (more uniform rise and fall of vocal folds.)

Question 15

Pedunculated polyps

Answer 15

appear to be attached by means of a stalk. (structure that looks like a mushroom. Stalk and larger structure)

Question 16

Contact ulcers and granulomas (organic)

Answer 16

red ulcerations. ulcers heal and are replaced by granuloma. GERD

Question 17

Laryngitis (organic)

Answer 17

Inflammation of the vocal folds that can result from exposure to noxious agents, allergies, or vocal abuse.

Question 18

Papillomas (organic)

Answer 18

wart-like growths on vocal folds and interior larynx. HPV. Common in children younger than 6 years

Question 19

Webs (organic)

Answer 19

connective tissue growth between vocal folds. must be removed surgically

Question 20

Cancer (organic)

Answer 20

caused by cigs and alcohol. larynx is often entirely removed. esophageal speech (sphincters not vocal folds)

Question 21

Damage to Vagus nerve (neurolgical)

Answer 21

vocal fold paralysis. Risk of aspiration when vocal folds are abducted.

Question 22

Parkinsons Disease (neurological)

Answer 22

degeneration of neurons. classic symptom is short footsteps

Question 23

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Neurological)

Answer 23

A motor neuron disease characterized by degeneration of both the upper and lower motor neurons causing flaccid and spastic weakness. AAC device

Question 24

Spasmodic Dysphonia (Neurologic)

Answer 24

damage to basal ganglia and cerebellar control circuits. voice tremors. can also be psychological and idiopathic. botox

Question 25

Muscle Tension Dysphonia (Functional)

Answer 25

voice disturbance caused by abnormal muscle activity in absence of neurological and structural abnormalities.

Question 26

Conversion aphonia (Functional)

Answer 26

caused by strong emotions. converting emotional conflicts into physical symptoms.

Question 27

conversion aphonia

Answer 27

can cough to clear throat, but can’t speak.

Question 28

Resonance disorders

Answer 28

can accompany voice disorders. Clefts, blokages in cavities