Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CETP Review > Voice > Flashcards

Voice Flashcards

1
Q

If the vocal folds are inflamed/swollen, what would be the impact on the voice?

A

Deeper voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Difficulty keeping vocal folds adducted would manifest as…

A

Breathy voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nodes on one or both vocal folds would manifest as…

A

Hoarseness first in high frequencies, followed by the lower frequencies as it grows;

Pitch breaks

Onset delays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the first valve of the vocal tract?

A

Aryepiglottic folds - superior border of laryngeal column; contains the aryepiglottic muscles; forms the “collar”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the false vocal folds?

A

Ventricular folds
Forms the second sphincter
Helps increase pressure by blocking air outflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of cartilage is the epiglottis?

A

Elastic - does not calcify with age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of cartilage is the thyroid cartilage?

A

Hyaline - will ossify with age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which muscles alter the overall height/position of the larynx in the neck and alter the shape of the vocal tract?

A

Extrinsic muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which intrinsic laryngeal muscle is responsible for abduction of vocal folds?

A

Posterior cricoarytenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the three adductors of the vocal folds

A

Interarytenoids
Lateral cricoarytenoid
Thyroarytenoid (body of VF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cause of vocal nodules

A

Chronic vocal trauma/hyperfunction of vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

True/False: polyps can be resolved with speech therapy

A

True, but only polyps that are recent and small; in all cases, including those of surgery, voice therapy is recommended to promote good vocal habits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

GERD vs. Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (4 main differences)

A

+Esophagitis / -Esophagitis
Lower ES problems / UES problems
Night symptoms supine positN / daytime problems upright
Heartburn common / less common

LPR –> post nasal drip, hoarseness, frequent throat clearing, globus sensatN, dry cough, mucous in throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tx for acute laryngitis vs chronic

A

Acute - vocal rest, no tx while infected
Chronic - depends on cause + type of lesion but always vocal hygiene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Average F0 for men

A

90 - 130Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Average F0 for women

A

180 - 230Hz

17
Q

Three reasons (all together) that speech therapy wouldn’t be necessary for someone with dysphonia

A
  • No vocal forcing
  • The cause of the voice is natural, not due to a lesion
  • No risky vocal behaviour / good vocal hygiene
18
Q

Three reasons that speech therapy wouldn’t be possible for a dysphonia

A
  • Certain serious clinical cases (e.g. external trauma, hemorrhage)
  • Against the wishes of the pt
  • Pt cannot dedicate enough time to therapy
19
Q

Intervention exercises for Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis

A

1st: Behavioural Intervention bc not uncommon to resolve spontaneously
- Reducing vocal effort + prioritizing efficiency
- Resonant voice; accent method

20
Q

Intervention exercises for hyperfunction of the larynx (5+)

A

Contrasting hard attacks vs soft
“Confidential voice”
Yawn-sigh
Chewing during speech
Speak-sing
Intensity/speed/pauses
Producing all words in a sentence w/ transitions
Deconnection-reconnection of words from the sounds (read normal–>read while articulating with no sound–>read with prosody but no articulation)

21
Q
A
22
Q

Name some voice changes that occur with age (6)

A
  • Degeneration of muscles; ossification of cartilages
  • Changes to F0 (lower for women, higher for men, less control on variability of pitch)
  • Intensity decreases
  • Voice tremor
  • Increase in stridor; ++ breathiness
  • Reduced lung capacity
23
Q

Clinical profile of voice with Parkinson’s

A
  • Feeling out of breath/decreased vital capacity
  • Weak voice; rough
  • Monotone (freq. range reduced)
  • Reduced intra-oral pressure
  • Reduced intelligibility
24
Q

Typical treatment for Parkinson’s voice

A
  • Reduce number of syllables per breath
  • Starting to phonate before expiration begins
    –> LSVT generally
25
Q

Clinical profile of Muscle Tension Dysphonia

A
  • Variable vocal quality with normal periods
  • A lot of tension in neck and shoulders + throat
  • Difficulty moving larynx side to side; may be elevated in the neck
26
Q

Treatment for Muscle Tension Dysphonia

A
  • Relaxation of muscles via behaviour changes or laryngeal massage
  • Physical therapy
  • Vocal function exercises, resonance exercises, respiratory exercises
27
Q

Clinical profile of Spasmodic Dysphonia

A
  • Action-induced/task-specific uncontrollable muscle movement
  • Can be adductor, abductor or both
  • Absence or reduction of symptoms during singing, holding vowel in high pitch, whisper, laugh, cough, etc.
28
Q

Treatment of Spasmodic Dysphonia

A
  • Resistant to direct therapy (ADductor form has some rare improvements)
  • Most often use Botox every 3-4 months + prevent vocal forcing
29
Q

Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement + treatment

A
  • adduction of VFs during inhale causing stridor
  • feeling out of breath
  • treatment with breathing techniques and biofeedback
30
Q

Name some causes of dysfunctional dysphonia

A
  • ENT disorders
  • Psychological factors/emotional manifestation
  • General weakening
  • Pre-menstruation/pregnancy
  • Abdominal interventions
  • Divorce / moving / death in family (stressors)
31
Q

The Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve innervates ____

A

Intrinsic muscles of the vocal folds (except the Cricothyroid)

32
Q

The Superior Laryngeal Nerve innervates ___

A

Cricothyroid (tensor)

33
Q

Voice tx for ALS

A
  • Botox/thyroplasty/medication
  • Voice banking
  • AAC
34
Q

Voice tx for Huntington’s disease

A
  • Individualized medication/surgery
  • Strategies to facilitate communication (family training)
  • AAC (*keeping in mind cognitive restraints)
35
Q

Pt responds yes to the following questions:
- Does it take a lot of effort to speak?
- Is it sometimes easier to talk and other times more difficult?
- Can you shout/cry/sing/laugh normally?

Is this indicative of MTD, SD or vocal tremor?

A

SD

CETP Review (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions