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AP Human > Vocab Check 7.2 > Flashcards

Vocab Check 7.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Mass Consumption

A

consumption of energy reasources for industrial output, consumption of mass-produced goods/ consumer products

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2
Q

Compare to Wallerstein’s World Systems Theory

A

Wallerstein= views country in terms of their place in the world system, is based on trade, shows fluidity between core, semi-periphary, and periphery, and can be applied to multiple scales of analysis
Rostow= views countrys in isolation, disregards trade, countries only move forward, country-level only

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3
Q

Compare to the Stages of the DTM

A

traditional society = stages 1 and 2, preconditions to take off = late stage 2- early stage 3, take off = stage 3, drive to maturity = stage 4, mass consumption = stage 5

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4
Q

Traditional Society (Rostow’s Stages)

A

agricultural based, barter system, what we would think of as subsistance agriculture

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5
Q

Preconditions to Take Off (Rostow’s Stages)

A

the country is gearing up to begin industrialization

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6
Q

Take-off (Rostow’s Stages)

A

industrial output takes up bigger share of labor force in stage 3

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7
Q

Drive to Maturity (Rostow’s Stages)

A

industrial production within the country reaches its prime

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8
Q

Dependancy Theory

A

underdevelopment is mainly caused by the peripheral position of affected countries in the world economy

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9
Q

Neocolonialsim

A

periphary countries are locked into trade monopolies with one country, creating a circumstance where the more pwerful country has a lot of influene over economic channels

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10
Q

Commodity Dependence

A

when a low-income country is dependant on the export of 1-3 commodities as a major share of export income

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11
Q

Spatial Variations in Development

A

just describe what you know about how population relates to development, just count this as 5

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12
Q

Complimentarity and Comparative Advantage (As a Basic for Trade)

A

Complimentarity: each offers something the other needs or wants
Comparative: when a country produces a good or service for a lower opprotunity cost than other countries

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13
Q

Nonliberal policies

A

economic policies that promote free market principles, such as deregulation, liberalization , and privatization

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14
Q

Free Trade Agreements

A

an agreement between two or more countries where the countries agree on certain obligations that affect trade in goods and services

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15
Q

Trade Organizations

A

an association of tradesmen, businessmen, or manufacturers in a particular trade or industry for the protection and advancement of their common interests.

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16
Q

European Union (Known the History)

A

economic alliance of major Western European nations that coordinate trade, immigration and labor policies, making its members one economic unit

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17
Q

World Trade Organization (Purpose)

A

a supranational organization that creates policies on global trading

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18
Q

Mercosur (Trading Bloc)

A

a regional trade bloc in South America that promotes economic integration among its member states

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19
Q

OPEC (Oil)

A

an intergovernmental organization of 13 oil-producing countries that aims to coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its member states

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20
Q

Effect of Government Polocies on Economic Development, Includding Tariffs

A

changing the level and types of taxes, the extent and composition of spending, and the degree and form of borrowing

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21
Q

Global Interconnection and Interdependence

A

the need for countries to rely on each other for these resources creates a global interdependence

22
Q

International Financial Crisis (Debt)

A

when the great depression happened it didnt only effect the US it effected the whole world

23
Q

International lending Agencies (International Monetary Fund)

A

large-scale institutions that lend monetary support to developing nations for various projects and financial needs

24
Q

Stratagies of Development

A

Core: High Income, High use of technology, High % of territory activities, High levels of Education by the majority of the pop.

25
Q

Economic Restructuring

A

the change in areas from a higher amount of blue-collar jobs, to an increasing amount of white-collar jobs

26
Q

Deindustrialization of the Core

A

the core countries have shifted the majority of their people to work in services, and fewer people in manufacturing and agriculture

27
Q

Outsourcing/Off Shoring

A

agreement in which one company hires another company to be responsible for a planned or existing that is or can be done internally

28
Q

New International Division of Labor (MDC’s/NIC’s/LDC’s)

A

there is more manual labor in NICs/LDCs because now that transportation is so cheap the MDCs can afford to have their factories in the NICs/LDCs

29
Q

Labor Costs in NIC’s/LDC’s

A

In these places, labor costs are lower because it’s a less developed country

30
Q

Growth of the Industrial Sector in NIC’s/LDC’s

A

there is a growth of industry because there is a higher amount of factories in these countries due to offshoring

31
Q

Creation of New Manufacturing Zones

A

with new trade agreements, they decide on new manufacturing zones

32
Q

Special Economic Zones

A

a portion of a country that operates under different economic rules/laws than the rest of the country

33
Q

Free Trade Zones

A

these areas are exempt from import/export taxes

34
Q

Export processing Zones

A

products made for export manufactured within these zones are exempt from the export taxes

35
Q

Contemporary Economic Landscape

A

has been transformed by post-Fordist methods of production, multiplier effects, economies of scale, agglomeration, just-in-time delivery, the emergence of service sectors, high technology industries, and growth poles

36
Q

Multiplier Effects/ Negatve Multiplier Effects

A

how many times money spent circulates through a country’s economy

37
Q

Post-Fordist Methods of Production

A

the manufacturing process and increased efficiency in transportation and communications networks have led to a shift from “Just in case” ordering/storing to “Just in time” delivery

38
Q

Lean Production

A

examines production with the goal of increasing company profit by focusing on cost reduction and waste elimination in the organization

39
Q

Agglomeration

A

a localized economy in which a large number of companies and industries cluster together and benefit from the cost reductions and gains in efficiency that result from this proximity

40
Q

Just-in-Time Delivery

A

a method of managing inventory that provides products only as they are needed, rather than storing them

41
Q

Growth of the Service Sector

A

as deindustrialization increases there is an increase in the amount of the white collar/ service jobs

42
Q

High Tech Industries

A
43
Q

Growth Poles

A

refer to the concentration of highly innovation and technically advanced industries that stimulate economic development in linked businesses and industries

44
Q

Natural Resource Depletion (Sustainable Development Policies Seek to Mitigate Problems From)

A

as more fossil fuels are being used at higher rates, there has been an increased depletion of these natural resources, but we are slowly moving to sustainable energy

45
Q

Mass Consumption (Sustainable Development Policies Seek to Mitigate Problems From)

A

everything that we buy from the store has plastic and gets thrown away every day, some fabrics get thrown away which causes mass pollution due to this consumption

46
Q

Effects of Pollution (Sustainable Development Policies Seek to Mitigate Problems From)

A

pollution causes there to be decreased hygiene in the things that you drink and the air you breath

47
Q

Ecotourism

A

a form of tourism involving visiting fragile, pristine, and relatively undisturbed natural areas

48
Q

Tourism Based in Natural Environments

A

this tourism benefits the environment because they can’t destroy areas that are making money for the country

49
Q

Protect the Environments

A

these environments are protected because they want to continue to get revenue from these tourist locations

50
Q

Protect Jobs for Locals

A

ecotourism can displace locals

51
Q

UN’s Sustainable Development Goals Measure Progress in Development

A

it takes the goals for social and economic development produced in the MDGs and incorporates elements of sustainability

AP Human (12 decks)

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