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AP Human > 5.1.1 Vocab Check > Flashcards

5.1.1 Vocab Check Flashcards

Study for the vocab check

1
Q

Landforms

A

coastal plains, river valleys, great plains, plateaus, and basin & range

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2
Q

Tropical Climate Zone

A

warm year round temperature and high precipitation (Ex. South America, Central Africa, and Southeast Asia)

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3
Q

Mediterranean Climate Zone

A

warm dry summers, inconsistent rainfall, mild temperature, uneven topography, and nearness to large bodies of water

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4
Q

Subtropical Climate Zone

A

hot summers and mild winters, long growing season

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5
Q

Temperate Climate Zone (mid-latitude)

A

four distinct seasons (Ex. between polar and tropical zones)

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6
Q

Commercial Farming

A

grown for profit and sale only (often specialize with one or two crops)

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7
Q

Subsistence Farming

A

grown to feed themselves and families (little surplus for trade and sale)

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8
Q

Intensive Farming

A

high levels of input and output

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9
Q

Market Gardening

A

greater then a home garden and smaller than a corporate garden

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10
Q

Perishables

A

things, especially foodstuffs, likely to decay or go bad quickly.

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11
Q

Plantation Agriculture

A

intensive and for profit

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12
Q

Mono-cropping

A

the practice of growing a single crop year after year on the same land

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13
Q

Cash Crops

A

a crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower (Ex. Tobacco and cotton)

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14
Q

Export-oriented

A

business. (of an industry, company, etc) mainly concerned with the export of goods or services

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15
Q

Mixed Crops/livestock systems

A

most land for crops and most income from animals

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16
Q

Intercropping

A

growing two or more crops in close proximity, to produce a greater yield on otherwise wasted land

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17
Q

Intertillage

A

planting multiple crops in the same field/ mound spreading out production over season

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18
Q

Extensive Farming

A

small inputs of labor, output, and fertilizers

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19
Q

Shifting Cultivation

A

ground is cleared for a few years and abandoned until naturally restored

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20
Q

Nomadic Herding

A

travel with a group of livestock over large area

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21
Q

Ranching

A

raising grazing livestock within property lines and fenced off

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22
Q

Clustered Settlements

A

agriculture based community with number of families in close proximity

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23
Q

Linear Settlements

A

Formed in a line often following a transport route

24
Q

Dispersed/scattered Settlements

A

separate and scattered normally township and range

25
Q

Metes and Bounds

A

using physical landforms to create a border around a place, have irregular shapes

26
Q

Long Lane

A

Long and skinny plots of land that form around a central landform (a road or a river)

27
Q

Township and Range

A

Made to fill the great plains, normally square, based on latitude and longitude

28
Q

Domestication of Plants and Animals

A

started with the neotication revolution which was the transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture and settlement

29
Q

Carl Saucer Theory

A

that where resources were abundant, people would start to stray in the same place

30
Q

Root Cultivation

A

Taking a piece of the parent plant and planting it to grow a new one

31
Q

Seed cultivation

A

start of first agricultural revolution, taking a seed, drying it and saving it for next years planting

32
Q

Irrigation

A

allowed farming outside of flood plain, but with water control

33
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

where clearance and modification first occurred

34
Q

Indus River Valley

A

many innovation spread here from the fertile crescent

35
Q

Southeast Asia

A

hearth of vegetative planting

36
Q

Central Africa

A

coffee, cotton, and millet

37
Q

Mesoamerica

A

corn, tubers, squash, and beans

38
Q

Renfrew Hypothesis

A

agricultural advancements originated in the fertile crescent and diffused from there

39
Q

Conquest Theory

A

a person or a group of people take control of an area and make everyone in that area follow their rules and beliefs.

40
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

brought new plants and animals to and from Europe and the New World

41
Q

Crops From Old World to New World

A

Banana, Coffee beans, citrus fruits, grapes, onions, wheat, and peaches

42
Q

Crops from Americas to Old World

A

beans, corn, cocoa, tobacco, tomatoes, potatoes, squash, sweet potatoes, peanuts, pumpkin, and pineapple

43
Q

Influence of Industrial revolution

A

new foods -> less farmers -> more experimentation

44
Q

Seed Drill

A

dug a hole, planted a seed, and buried it (Jethro Tull) this caused less seeds to wash away

45
Q

Dutch Plow

A

developed to flip soil conserving the moisture (Joseph Foljambe) lighter, wooden, and made with iron

46
Q

Tractors

A

caused more planting of crops which resulted in a higher yield

47
Q

Threshing Machine

A

removes grain seeds from stalks and husks

48
Q
A
49
Q

Enclosure Movement

A

privatizing farms of England and consolidating small farms

50
Q

Crop Rotation

A

rotated crops in 4 fields with an animal feed and a grazing crop for year round livestock

51
Q

Mechenization

A

moving from hand/animal to machinery

52
Q

Water Power

A

creating energy from a water wheel in a mill

53
Q

Coal Power

A

the steam engine and tractor were originally fueled by coal

54
Q

Steam Engine

A

steam pressure to push pistons

55
Q

Iron Ore

A

caused an increase in the railroads made because it was a heavier metal, also was used for new technology

56
Q

Railroad

A

used to transport people and materials

57
Q

Impacts of 2nd Agr. Rev.

A

people had longer life expectancy, rapid urbanization, spurred the industrial revolution, movement to more urban places, and mass production

AP Human (12 decks)

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