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Spanish and Spanish American History > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

define corregidores

A

civil govenors, local administrative and judicial officer in spain and its overseas empire. representatives of royal jurisdiction over a town and district.

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2
Q

define mercedes

A

land grants

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3
Q

define latifundio

A

individuals control of land and labour
extensive area of privately owned land
over 500 hectares

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4
Q

define haciendas

A

landed estates of significant size

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5
Q

define encomiendas

A

entrusts group of indigenous to individual spanish settler

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6
Q

define manumission

A

slaves right to earn and buy freedom

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7
Q

syncretism

A

fusing african/indigenous beliefs with christian beliefs

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8
Q

define criollo

A

spanish born in latin america

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9
Q

define creole/mulatto

A

african descent born in america

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10
Q

define casta

A

mixed bloods

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11
Q

mestizos

A

spanish and indigenous mix

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12
Q

zambos

A

black and indigenous mix

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13
Q

bandeiras

A

large slave hunting expeditions

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14
Q

pardos/mulatos

A

black-white mix

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15
Q

quilombos

A

colonies of escaped slaves

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16
Q

mamelucos/caboclos

A

portuguese-indigenous mix

17
Q

define feudalism

A

nobility held lands from crown in exchange for military service, peasants obliged to live on lord’s land and give him homage, labour and share of produce, in exchange for military protection

18
Q

define junta de gobierno

A

executive council, administrative council

institutions of government of the autonomous communities of spain

19
Q

define audencias

A

court of justice in a spanish colony frequently exercising military power as well as judicial and political functions

20
Q

define cabildo

A

a spanish colonial adminstrative council which governed a municipality - representitive of all land-owning heads of household.

21
Q

define minifundios

A

under 5 hectares

mainly subsistence-orientated smallholdings, generally farmed by indigenous and peasants

22
Q

define repartimiento

A

a colonial forced labour system imposed upon indigenous
Mexican
natives forced to do low-paid/unpaid labour for a certain length of time on spanish owned farms/mines/obrajes etc
replaced encomiendas
labourers technically free, but created slavery like conditions

23
Q

define mita

A

similar to repartamiento system

mandatory public service in Incan empire, modified and intensified by spanish government

24
Q

examples of syncretism

A

santeria - afro-cuban religious cult, developed from beliefs of yoruba people and catholic religion
candomble - brazilian sect of macumba cult

25
Q

define cimarrones

A

escaped slaves

26
Q

define subdelegados

A

various officials exercising delegated authority - offical subordinate to an intendant, having aluthority over a subdelegacion

27
Q

define degredados

A

portuguese ex convicts in Brazil

28
Q

define feitorias

A

trading posts in Brazil

29
Q

define donatarios

A

Portuguese/brazil
considerable economic autonomy and hereditary titles, right to allocate land
a noble who was granted a considerable piece of land

30
Q

define fazendeiros

A

landholder

fazenda = plantation in brazil, often grew coffee, farm

31
Q

define audencias

A

royal courts - regional/colonial

32
Q

define traza

A

where the spaniards lived, centre of the city

33
Q

define barrio

A

outskirts where the natives lived

34
Q

reducción

A

reservation - Indians live seperately to spaniards

35
Q

presidio

A

a fronteir settlement

36
Q

entrada

A

formal taking over of the property/territory

37
Q

define adelantado

A

ones with the contract of exploration (the capitulacion)

Spanish and Spanish American History (10 decks)

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