Vocab 451-500

Question 1

Name the three communication systems in Biological Psychology

Answer 1

The Nervous System
The Endocrine System
Genetics

Question 2

What communication system is comprised of glands secreting hormones?

Answer 2

The Endocrine System

Question 3

What gland secretes melatonin and is involved in regulating the wake/sleep cycle?

Answer 3

Pineal Gland

Question 4

What gland secretes growth hormones and is considered the Master Gland?

Answer 4

Pituitary Gland

Question 5

What gland controls metabolism?

Answer 5

Thyroid Gland

Question 6

What gland produces infection fighting T-Cells?

Answer 6

Thymus Gland

Question 7

What three hormones do the adrenal glands secrete?

Answer 7

Cortisol
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

Question 8

Epinephrine is also called what?

Answer 8

Adrenaline

Question 9

Norepinephrine is also called what?

Answer 9

Noradrenaline

Question 10

Hypercortisolism occurs when the body produces too much cortisol. What else is Hypercortisolism called?

Answer 10

Cushing’s Syndrome

Question 11

Hypocortisolism occurs when the body produces too little cortisol, What else is Hypocortisolism called?

Answer 11

Addison’s Disease

Question 12

This genetic disorder occurs when a person has only one X chromosome on their 23rd pair

Answer 12

Turner’s Syndrome

Question 13

This genetic disorder occurs when a person has an extra chromosome on their 23rd pair (X X Y)

Answer 13

Klinefelter’s Syndrome

Question 14

This genetic disorder occurs when a person has an extra chromosome on their 21st pair; causes intellectual disabilities/mental retardation

Answer 14

Down Syndrome

Question 15

Please name the railroad worker whose personality dramatically changed after he suffered damage to his frontal lobe

Answer 15

Phineas Gage

Question 16

What machine records electrical activity in large portions of the brain and is used to study sleep?

Answer 16

EEG

Question 17

What brain imaging machine uses X rays to produce an image of the brain’s structure?

Answer 17

CT scan

Question 18

What brain imaging machine shows how the brain functions?

Answer 18

PET scan

Question 19

What brain imaging machine uses magnets to produce an image the brain’s structure?

Answer 19

MRI

Question 20

What brain imaging machine shows both the structure and functioning of the brain?

Answer 20

fMRI

Question 21

What term refers to the brain’s ability to continually recognize itself on the basis of environmental input?

Answer 21

Plasticity

Question 22

The brain is composed of what two kinds of cells?

Answer 22

Nerve Cells (Neurons)
Glial Cells

Question 23

What brain cells act as glue and garbage collectors for neuron cells?

Answer 23

Glial Cells

Question 24

Electro-chemical message sent from one neuron to the next

Answer 24

Action Potential

Question 25

Please name the nerve fiber which sends the action potential away from the neuron

Answer 25

Axon

Question 26

Please name the nerve fiber which receives the action potential from another neuron

Answer 26

Dendrite

Question 27

What is the fatty white substance which insulates some axon fibers called?

Answer 27

Myelin Sheath

Question 28

What disease does a person develop if their myelin sheath breaks down?

Answer 28

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Question 29

What is the gap between two neurons called?

Answer 29

Synapse

Question 30

What is the name of the chemicals which carry the action potential message over the synapse?

Answer 30

Neurotransmitters

Question 31

Clinical depression is caused by an undersupply of what neurotransmitter?

Answer 31

Serotonin

Question 32

Alzheimer's disease is caused by an undersupply of what neurotransmitter?

Answer 32

Acetylcholine

Question 33

Dopamine is involved in what two diseases?

Answer 33

Parkinson's Disease Schizophrenia

Question 34

What neurotransmitter is your body's natural pain killer?

Answer 34

Endorphins

Question 35

What are sensory neurons also called?

Answer 35

Afferent Neurons

Question 36

What are motor neurons also called?

Answer 36

Efferent Neurons

Question 37

What are the two parts of the Nervous System?

Answer 37

Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System

Question 38

What are the two parts of the Central Nervous System?

Answer 38

Brain and Spinal Cord

Question 39

What are the two parts of the Peripheral Nervous System?

Answer 39

Somatic Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System

Question 40

What are the two parts of the Autonomic Nervous System?

Answer 40

Sympathetic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 41

What are the three parts of the brain?

Answer 41

Forebrain Midbrain Hindbrain

Question 42

The forebrain is also called what?

Answer 42

Cerebrum

Question 43

What is the outer layer of the forebrain called?

Answer 43

Cerebral Cortex

Question 44

Lobe located at the top front part of the brain; controls abstract thinking and emotional regulation

Answer 44

Frontal Lobe

Question 45

Lobe located behind frontal lobe; contains the sensory cortex

Answer 45

Parietal Lobe

Question 46

Lobe located in the very back of our brain; interprets messages from our eyes in our visual cortex

Answer 46

Occipital Lobe

Question 47

Lobes located on either side of the brain; process sound sensed by ears

Answer 47

Temporal Lobes

Question 48

Which hemisphere controls the right side of your body and specializes in processing spoken language and sequential tasks?

Answer 48

Left

Question 49

Which hemisphere controls the left side of your body and may be more active during spatial and creative tasks?

Answer 49

Right

Question 50

Connects the two brain hemispheres

Answer 50

Corpus Callosum