Vocab 201-250

Question 1

Kind of culture in which people put their own needs ahead of the needs of the group

Answer 1

Individualistic

Question 2

Kind of culture in which a person puts the needs of the group first, before they satisfy their individual needs

Answer 2

Collectivist

Question 3

Which country ranks as the most individualistic?

Answer 3

United States of America

Question 4

Which country ranks as the most collectivist

Answer 4

Guatemala

Question 5

A situation in which a group of people act to obtain short-term individual gains, which leads to a loss for the group

Answer 5

Social Trap

Question 6

Poor group decision making that occurs because a group emphasizes unity over critical thinking

Answer 6

Groupthink

Question 7

President John F. Kennedy’s failed invasion of Cuba was caused by what flawed decision making process?

Answer 7

Groupthink

Question 8

Theory that discussion reinforces the majority’s point of view and shifts opinions to more extreme positions

Answer 8

Group Polarization

Question 9

Theory that interaction between hostile groups will reduce animosity

Answer 9

Contact Theory

Question 10

In order to reduce racism, the Federal government compelled schools to integrate. This policy is called what?

Answer 10

Desegregation

Question 11

Contact theory states that contact between hostile groups will reduce animosity, but only if the groups are made to work together toward a goal that benefits all. Such a goal is called what?

Answer 11

Superordinate Goal

Question 12

Who conducted the Robbers Cave Study?

Answer 12

Muzafer Sherif

Question 13

Individuals behave irrationally when there is less chance of being personally identified

Answer 13

Deindividuation

Question 14

Hypothesis that frustration creates a need to respond; aggression may be one possible outcome

Answer 14

Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis

Question 15

A lack of resources in poor communities contributing to an increase in violence would be consistent with what psychological concept?

Answer 15

Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis

Question 16

Behavior intended to do physical or psychological harm

Answer 16

Aggression

Question 17

Aggression with no clear goal or purpose

Answer 17

Hostile Aggression

Question 18

Aggression intended to secure some kind of goal or reward

Answer 18

Instrumental Aggression

Question 19

Releasing anger or aggression by letting out powerful negative emotions

Answer 19

Catharsis

Question 20

Is watching violent sports cathartic?

Answer 20

No, it increases aggression

Question 21

A social norm. People tend to think that if someone does something nice for them, they ought to do something nice in return

Answer 21

Reciprocity Norm

Question 22

Helping others relieves our own state of emotional distress

Answer 22

Negative State Relief Theory

Question 23

Unselfishly helping others for reasons other than rewards

Answer 23

Altruism

Question 24

Name of woman who was brutally murdered; although people heard her screams for help, nobody did anything

Answer 24

Kitty Genovese

Question 25

The vicious murder of Kitty Genovese led what two researchers to explore how people decide to help others?

Answer 25

John Darley and Bibb Latane

Question 26

Tendency of a person to be less likely to give aid if other people are present; causes the bystander effect

Answer 26

Diffusion of Responsibility

Question 27

People seem to decide what constitutes appropriate behavior by looking to others; will either help or not help based on other people's behavior

Answer 27

Pluralistic Ignorance

Question 28

Unpleasant psychological tension that arises when a person experiences contradictory thoughts or beliefs

Answer 28

Cognitive Dissonance

Question 29

Name the two researchers who conducted a classic experiment about cognitive dissonance in the late1950s

Answer 29

Leon Festinger and James Carlsmith

Question 30

The more one is exposed to something, the more one will come to like it

Answer 30

The Mere Exposure Effect

Question 31

Change in attitude opposite to the one desired by the persuader

Answer 31

Boomerang Effect

Question 32

What is the delayed impact on attitude change of a persuasive communication called?

Answer 32

Sleeper Effect

Question 33

Method of developing resistance to persuasion by exposing a person to arguments that challenge his or her beliefs so that he or she can practice defending them

Answer 33

Inoculation Effect

Question 34

The need to rationalize one's attitude or behavior

Answer 34

Self-Justification

Question 35

Method of gaining compliance by getting a person to agree to a relatively minor request first

Answer 35

Foot-In-The-Door Technique

Question 36

Method of gaining compliance by first making an outrageous request and then replying to the refusal with a more reasonable request

Answer 36

Door-In-The-Face Technique

Question 37

Asking your parents for a 2 am curfew when you really want a midnight curfew may require you using what persuasion technique?

Answer 37

Door-In-The-Face Technique

Question 38

Persuasive technique involving the deep processing of the content and facts of a persuasive message

Answer 38

The Central Route to Persuasion

Question 39

Attempting to persuade somebody through the use of expert opinion, emotion, and an attractive communicator

Answer 39

The Peripheral Route to Persuasion

Question 40

Donald Trump constantly stating that he is an expert and surrounding himself with attractive women is an example of someone using what persuasion technique?

Answer 40

The Peripheral Route to Persuasion

Question 41

What word refers to a set of emotions, feelings, and behaviors towards a particular object, person, or event

Answer 41

Attitude

Question 42

Name the researcher who conducted an experiment to study the relationship between attitudes and behaviors towards Asian American in the 1930s

Answer 42

Richard Lapiere

Question 43

An increase in performance in front of a crowd

Answer 43

Social Facilitation

Question 44

A decrease in performance in front of a crowd

Answer 44

Social Inhibition Social Impairment

Question 45

You practice your speech perfectly in front of your parents but when you deliver it in front of your class you get really nervous and don't do very well. This is an example of what?

Answer 45

Social Inhibition Social Impairment

Question 46

Tendency for people to work less hard when sharing the workload than when they are working alone

Answer 46

Social Loafing

Question 47

Bill is assigned to be a part of a group project but doesn't do any work. This is an example of what?

Answer 47

Social Loafing

Question 48

A change or maintenance of behavior to avoid discomfort or rejection and to gain approval

Answer 48

Compliance

Question 49

Seeing oneself or similar to another person or group and therefore accepting the attitudes of another person or group as one's own

Answer 49

Identification

Question 50

Incorporating the values, ideas, and standards of others as a part of oneself

Answer 50

Internalization