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Psychology > Vocab 601-650 > Flashcards

Vocab 601-650 Flashcards

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1
Q

Decreasing responsiveness to a stimuli due to constant stimulation

A

Sensory Adaptation

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2
Q

Decreasing responsiveness to a stimuli due to lack of focus

A

Sensory Habituation

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3
Q

The brain’s ability to focus one’s auditory attention on a particular stimulus while filtering out a range of other stimuli, as when a partygoer can focus on a single conversation in a noisy room

A

Cocktail Party Phenomenon

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4
Q

What are your two energy senses?

A

Vision and Hearing

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5
Q

What are your two chemical senses?

A

Taste (Gustation)
Smell (Olfaction)

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6
Q

Specialized cells in the brain that have the ability to detect certain types of stimuli, like movement, shape, and angles, are called what?

A

Feature Detectors

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7
Q

One of the four major lobes of the brain; contains the visual cortex

A

Occipital Lobe

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8
Q

The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye

A

Visible Light

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9
Q

Part of the retina where cones are concentrated

A

Fovea

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10
Q

The point of entry of the optic nerve on the retina. It is insensitive to light

A

Blind Spot

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11
Q

Theory of color vision that claims humans perceive color because the eye can receive light of three different wavelengths: blue, green, and red

A

Trichromatic Theory

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12
Q

Name the two kinds of color blindness

A

Dichromatic (Red-Green)
Monochromatic (Black-White)

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13
Q

Theory which states that cones are linked together to form three opposing color pairs: blue/yellow, red/green, and black/white. Activation of one inhibits activity in the other

A

Opponent-Process Theory

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14
Q

A visual illusion in which retinal impressions persist after the removal of the stimulus

A

Afterimage

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15
Q

Which sense uses energy in the form of sound waves?

A

Hearing

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16
Q

Amplitude refers to the height of a sound wave and determines the loudness of the sound which is measured in what?

A

Decibels

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17
Q

High pitch sounds have high frequencies and are produced by what?

A

Waves densely packed together

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18
Q

Low pitch sounds have low frequencies and are produced by what?

A

Waves spaced apart

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19
Q

What part of the ear performs transduction?

A

Cochlea

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20
Q

Name the two theories involved in explaining pitch

A

Place Theory
Frequency Theory

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21
Q

Which pitch theory states we sense pitch because hair cells move in different places in the cochlea?

A

Place Theory

22
Q

Which pitch theory states we sense pitch because hair cells fire at different rates in the cochlea?

A

Frequency Theory

23
Q

Kind of deafness caused by unknown breakdown in the middle ear

A

Conduction Deafness

24
Q

Kind of deafness caused by damage to the cochlea

A

Sensorineural Deafness

25
Q

When our skin is indented, pierced, or experiences a change in temperature, what sense is activated?

A

Touch

26
Q

Theory which helps explain how we experience pain. Theory states some pain messages have a higher priority than others

A

Gate Control Theory

27
Q

Our sense of taste is also called what?

A

Gustation

28
Q

Our sense of smell is also called what?

A

Olfaction

29
Q

Our sense of balance is called what?

A

Vestibular Sense

30
Q

Our sense of body position

A

Kinesthetic Sense

31
Q

Stimuli below the absolute threshold

A

Subliminal Messages

32
Q

Kind of mental processing where we use information from our schemas to fill in gaps in what we sense

A

Top-Down Processing

33
Q

Bottom-up processing is also called what?

A

Feature Analysis

34
Q

Kind of psychologists who describe the principles that govern how we perceive groups of objects

A

Gestalt

35
Q

Gestalt principle: Objects or shapes that are close to one another appear as part of same group

A

Proximity

36
Q

Gestalt principle: Stimuli that physically resemble each other are regarded as part of the same group

A

Similarity

37
Q

Gestalt principle: Tendency to perceive a line continuing its established direction

A

Continuity

38
Q

Gestalt principle: We tend to perceive forms in their complete appearance despite the absence of one or more of their parts

A

Closure

39
Q

Tendency to see familiar objects as having a standard shape, size, or color regardless of changes on our retina

A

Perceptual Constancy

40
Q

Although objects closer to our eyes produce bigger images on our retinas, we still see their size as constant

A

Size Constancy

41
Q

Although an object may be viewed from different angles, we still see their shape as constant

A

Shape Constancy

42
Q

Although changes in light may change the color of an object, we still perceive a constant color in our mind

A

Brightness Constancy

43
Q

What are the two kinds of depth cues?

A

Monocular Cues
Binocular Cues

44
Q

Name one kind of Monocular Depth Cue

A

Relative Size
Interposition
Texture Gradient

45
Q

Name one kind of Binocular Depth Cue

A

Binocular (Retinal) Disparity
Convergence

46
Q

Along with Torsten Wiesel, won the 1981 Nobel Prize for discovering feature detectors in the visual cortex

A

David Hubel

47
Q

Along with David Hubel, won the 1981 Nobel Prize for discovering feature detectors in the visual cortex

A

Torsten Wiesel

48
Q

Psychophysicist who computed the exact ratio needed for the Just Noticeable Difference in various senses

A

Ernst Weber

49
Q

Psychophysicist whose research contributed to Weber’s Law

A

Gustav Fechner

50
Q

Created the visual cliff experiment to study depth perception in infants

A

Eleanor Gibson

Psychology (16 decks)

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