Vocab Flashcards
admittance
ease of acoustic flow
impedance
resistance to acoustic flow
pure tone
sinusoid and sine wave
audiometric O
average threshold for hearing
resonancy
Immittance
Interaural attenuation
Acquired Congenital Hearing Loss
Loss present at birth that has progressed over time.
Acute Suppurative Otitis Media
Middle Ear infection more severe shorter duration.
Type B Tymp
Aero Otitis Media - Barotrauma
Injury resulting from changes in ambient air pressure between outer and middle ear.
Malfunctioning Eustachian Tube
Alaising
an effect that causes different signals to become indistinguishable (or aliases of one another) when sampled.
Aphasia
Communication problems with both receptive and expressive
Articulation Curve
Correct percentage of words a listener can identify as the words are presented-also called the speech audiogram.
Asymmetrical Hearing Loss
Loss in both ears but one is worse than the other
Atresia
Closed Ear Canal
Auditory Deprivation
The longer we go with a hearing impairment, without getting that information to where it belongs the more prone we become to permanently loose our ability to discriminate certain speech cues.
Causes of tinnitus
Sudden exposure to loud noise, long time exposure to loud noise, physical trama to head or neck, Hypertension, Acoustic Neroma, thyroid disease, vacular disorder, TMJ disorder, Ear infection, impacted cerumen, Nutricianal dificiency, Aneurysm, MS, prescription drugs
Central Deafness
hearing loss or impairment resulting from defects in the central nervous system (as in the auditory cortex) rather than in the ear itself or the auditory nerve—compare conduction deafness, nerve deafness. Damage or disorder within brain stem, tumor or abscess
Central Masking
When masking is presented to the non-test ear (NTE) it may cause a shift in the test ear. What is that called?
Cerumen
Ear wax
Cholesteatoma
Tumor in Middle Ear. May perforate TM into External Ear Canal
Chronic Otitis Externa
Chronic Infection with swelling & secretion from Yellow to Green
Complex Sound
a sound composed of a number of sounds of different frequencies.
Conductive Hearing loss
Obstruction or breakdown in Outer and/0r Middle Ear.
Congenital Sensorineural Loss
Present at birth, may be inherited, mother may have suffered flu or measles during pregnancy, most probably progress over time.
Consonants
Weaker Speech Sounds. Spoken from the LIPS not from the larynx. Consonants are higher pitched than vowels (they lie more to the right on the chart). Consonants are spoken more softly than vowels (they lie higher on the chart, in the lower decibel ranges).
Decibel
a unit used to measure the intensity of a sound or the power level of an electrical signal by comparing it with a given level on a logarithmic scale.
Diffraction
describes how waves bend, or change direction, as they travel around the edges of obstacles.
Digital signal processo
The computer of the hearing aid
Dynamic Range
The difference in volume between the UCL and SRT=DR (dynamic range)
(loudest and quietest sounds)
EEPROM
Electrically erasable programmable Read Only Memory
Effective Sound Pressure
Physical Measurement of Sound
Fenestration
Removal of TM and most of Ossicular chain
Construction of a new window in the Cochlea
Fistulas
an abnormal connection between the air-filled middle ear and the fluid filled inner ear.
Forward Masking
One sound follows another closely
Fourier Spectral Analysis
Analysis
Breakdown of a Complex Sound into individual Frequencies.
Fundamental Frequency
the lowest frequency of a periodic waveform.
Hyperracusis
an increased sensitivity to certain frequency and volume ranges of sound (a collapsed tolerance to usual environmental sound).
How to treat Tinnitus
Wearing traditional hearing instruments, Hearing aid maskers, counseling, stress reduction strategies, medications.
Interaural Attenuation
the loss of energy of a sound as it travels from the test ear to the non test ear, But it is still audible in the opposite ear/good ear
Ipsilateral
On the same side
Labyrinthitis
Infection in inner ear, may involve cochlea
Lombard Effect
is the involuntary tendency of speakers to increase their vocal effort when speaking in loud noise to enhance the audibility of their voice.
Longer Canal Lenghts give you?
More lows.
Longitudinal Waves
Sound waves
Loudest Sound that the Normal Ear Can Tolerate
1000 dyne/sq/cm
Malingering
Someone faking
Masking
Procedure that prevents the non-test ear from hearing a stimulus presented to the test ear.
Meniere’s
a disorder of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear that is marked by recurrent attacks of dizziness, tinnitus, and hearing loss—called also Ménière’s syndrome.
Mixed Hearing Loss
Has both, Conductive Component and Sesorineural Component
Monomeric Spots
Healed holes in the Eardrum
Generally no loss
Most Comfortable Listening Level (MCL)
when the voice is “just right” level at which you like to listen to television.
Myringotomy
Insertion of a ventilation tube, allows fluid to drain from middle ear cavity.
Surgically implanted to fall out by itself after a period of time. “tubes in the ears”
Noise Induced Hearing Loss
a permanent hearing impairment resulting from prolonged exposure to high levels of noise.
Non- Suppurative Otitus Media
Non-bacterial Less Painful Less Serious ear infection.
Normal Ear Detects Changes _________ Hz up to _________ HZ.
3-4 HZ and 4000 HZ
Objective Vertigo
Sensation of external objects spinning around the person
Occlusion
an audio phenomenon that occurs when one closes the opening into the ear canal and the loudness of low pitched sounds increases
Otitius Externa / interna
inflammation of the ear, usually distinguished as otitis externa (of the passage of the outer ear), otitis media (of the middle ear), and otitis interna (of the inner ear; labyrinthitis).
Otoclerosis
a hereditary disorder causing progressive deafness due to overgrowth of bone in the inner ear.
Otoscopy
visual examination of the ear
Ottis Media
Middle Ear Infection
TM is Red
Dainage, Odor
Type B Tymp
Oval window fistula
A fistula is an abnormal connection between the air-filled middle ear and the fluid filled inner ear. The two weakest points are membranes located at the stapes foot plate (the “oval window”), #4 here, and just below, a small niche called the “round window”
Paget’s Disease
a chronic disease of elderly people characterized by deterioration of bone tissue. Thickining of Temperal bone and Ossicular chain, affects patients 40 years old and older
PB Rollover
Loss of ability to discriminate as words are presented louder (90dB)
Perforated (or) Rupture in Ear Drum causes how much of a loss?
Causes a 5 to 10dB Hearing Loss
Phon
a unit of the perceived loudness of sounds.
Phoneme
Smallest unit of Sound.
Differentiates meaning of words, ex. fat, cat, bat
Poroxysmal Vertigo
Sudden brief episodes of dizziness, nausea, vomiting, nystagmus
Positional Vertigo
Dizziness occuring from head placed in certain positions
Presbycusis
is the loss of hearing that gradually occurs in most individuals as they grow older.
Prolapsed Ear Canal
collapsed ear canal. Breakdown of Cartilage
Prom
Programmable Read Only Memory(eprom)
Psychogenic Hearing loss
Hearing loss or impairment caused by a mental or emotional disorder or trauma and having no evidence of an organic cause.
Pure Tone
Consists of only One Frequency
Pure Tone Audiometry
is the key hearing test used to identify hearing threshold levels of an individual, enabling determination of the degree, type and configuration of a hearing loss.
Quality & Timber
Determined by amount of Pure Tones and Relative Strength of each Pure Tone
Quantinazation
is the process of converting a continuous range of values into a finite range of discreet values. This is a function of analog-to-digital converters, which create a series of digital values to represent the original analog signal.
Recruitment
Small increase in sound intensity is perceived as a rapid increase in loudness. (Sensorineural loss)
Reflection
Return of sound waves towrds thier source
Relative Pitch
the pitch of a tone as determined by its relationship to other tones in a scale.
Reveberation
Continual movement of soundwaves.
Repeated reflection
Rinne’ Negative
In conductive hearing loss, bone conduction is better than air. In a normal ear, air conduction (AC) is better than bone conduction (BC) AC > BC. this is called a positive Rinne.
Rinne’ Positive
In a normal ear, air conduction (AC) is better than bone conduction (BC) AC > BC. this is called a positive Rinne.
Round Window Fistula
Direct trama to ear
