Chapter 12 - Hearing Instruments Flashcards
Another term for residual auditory capacity is _____.
A. Auditory deprivation.
B. Secondary auditory functional range.
C. LDL.
D. Dynamic range.
D. Dynamic range.
The hearing instrument should be guaranteed to do what to sound?
A. Make it clearer.
B. Make it easier to listen.
C. Make it more comfortable.
D. Make it louder.
D. Make it louder.
When a patient requests that you fit one hearing instrument when the hearing loss is bilateral and symmetrical, if you agree, you are _____.
A. Helping the person a little.
B. Doing what you can.
C. Not correcting a hearing loss.
D. Selling a hearing aid.
E. None of the above.
F. C and D.
F. C and D.
Most people equate hearing with _____.
A. Vision.
B. The senses.
C. Understanding.
C. Understanding.
Moderately severe hair cell damage is _____.
A. Reversable with the use of hearing instruments.
B. Not reversable.
C. Can be helped with the proper fitting of hearing instruments.
D. The result of poor hygiene.
E. B and C.
E. B and C.
Most states have a policy that allows new hearing instruments to be returned within 30 days for any reason to receive a full or nearly-full refund.
A. True.
B. False.
A. True.
This law leads to misconceptions regarding: (check all that apply)
A. The patient-client relationship.
B. Satisfaction.
C. Progress in understanding.
D. An abbreviated and unrealistic acclimatization period.
E. The three party guaranty
A. The patient-client relationship.
B. Satisfaction.
C. Progress in understanding.
D. An abbreviated and unrealistic acclimatization period.
E. The three party guaranty
Input is the term used to identify _____ sound with respect to the hearing instrument..
A. Outgoing.
B. Amplified.
C. Throughput processed.
D. Natural, unamplified.
D. Natural, unamplified.
The first transducer in the hearing instrument is the _____.
A. Input compression system.
B. Wind shield.
C. Digital signal processor.
D. Receiver.
E. Microphone.
E. Microphone.
In first generation technology, the next step in the amplification process is the _____ stage.
A. Till.
B. Linear amplifier.
C. Digital cardioid.
D. Receiver.
B. Linear amplifier.
In the first tranduction, acoustical waves are changed in form to _____.
A. A digital current.
B. A stream of protons.
C. An electrical current.
D. An amplified Sinusoid.
E. An electrochemical gradient.
C. An electrical current.
In the current generation of technology, the transduced acoustical wave moves along to a _____.
A. Digital to analog converter.
B. Digital array processor.
C. Analog array processor.
D. Analog to digital converter.
D. Analog to digital converter.
The ATD processor converts the signal into _____.
A. Clipped acoustical peaks.
B. Complex amplified tones.
C. Smoothed acoustical environments.
D. One’s and zero’s.
D. One’s and zero’s.
Once the ATD step is complete, the signal now enters the _____ stage.
A. Loud speaker.
B. Microphonic.
C. Telecoil.
D. Amplification.
D. Amplification.
From the ATD to the amplifier, the sound bits are re-converted by the _____.
A. Digital to Sensory array.
B. Digital to analog current.
C. Digital to acoustical wave.
D. Digital to Kneepoint wave.
B. Digital to analog current.
Continuing, where it is transduced into acoustical waves by the receiver.
A. True.
B. False. It is transduced by the speaker system.
C. False. It is not transduced at all – just converted from one form of a wave to another…
A. True.
Battery life is rated in _____ per _____.
A. Watts per Volt.
B. Amps per second.
C. Milliamps per day.
D. Nanoamps per microsecond.
E. Milliamps per hour.
E. Milliamps per hour.
Rank the following batteries in terms of battery life.
B. 675.
D. 312.
F. 5.
E. 10.
A. Body aid.
C. 13.
C. 13.
A. Body aid.
E. 10.
F. 5.
B. 675.
D. 312.
The transducer is an electronic device which changes one form of _____ into another.
A. Sound.
B. Sine wave.
C. Power.
D. Energy.
D. Energy.
The main component of the microphone is a _____ which holds an _____.
A. Small wire/electric plate.
B. Shield/array of neutrons.
C. Diaphragm/electric charge.
D. Electric charge/diaphragm.
C. Diaphragm/electric charge.
An input transducer is an electronic device which acts:
A. As soon as the stimulus is received.
B. As soon as the sound is amplified.
C. As soon as the sound is transduced.
D. As soon as the sound is converted to digital bits.
E. None of the above.
A. As soon as the stimulus is received.
Omnidirectional microphones are designed to receive sounds from:
A. 360 degrees.
B. 180 degrees.
C. In adaptable directions.
D. The front to minimize background noise.
A. 360 degrees.
Directional microphone patterns are described as variations of _____ schemes on _____.
A. Angular/partiod.
B. Circular/haptoid.
C. Cardiac/Dipole.
D. Cardiac/polar plots.
E. None of the above
D. Cardiac/polar plots.
Directional microphones are made with _____.
A. Multiple microphones.
B. Negative ports and single microphones.
C. Transduction port noise baffling microphones.
D. Hypercharged portals.
E. Single microphones with multiple ports.
F. A and E.
F. A and E.
The nearness of the hearing instrument microphone to the telephone receiver led to the development of _____.
A. Hypercardioid directional mikes.
B. Supercardioid adaptive microphones.
C. Cardioid directional plots.
D. Telecoil.
D. Telecoil.
The effectiveness of directional microphones is due to the following (check all that apply).
A. Size of the faceplate.
B. Size of the port.
C. Distance between ports.
D. Rear Port time delay.
E. Microphone alignment/positioning at the laboratory.
F. Charge on the diaphragm.
Definitely
C. Distance between ports.
D. Rear Port time delay.
Not
B. Size of the port.
The telecoil is a _____ which changes electromagnetic energy present in the telephone into an _____ signal which the hearing instrument can process as sound.
A. Cardioid producer/acoustical.
B. Diaphragm/electrochemical.
C. Transducer/acoustic.
D. Transducer/electrical.
D. Transducer/electrical.
SNR is signal to noise ratio. This represents the measured intensity of the unwanted signals compared to the local noise.
A. True.
B. False.
B. False.
The ratio of microphone output directly in front of the listener compared to sounds in a 360 degree circle is called the _____.
A. Directional Input.
B. Dipole Integer.
C. Directional Index.
D. Directional Integer Ration.
E. Signal to Direction Percentage.
C. Directional Index.
Natural hearing is best represented by which microphone scheme?
A. Cardioid.
B. Hypercardioid.
C. Supercardioid.
D. Omnidirectional.
E. None of the above.
D. Omnidirectional.
A SNR reading of -6 means the signals are _____ when compared to noise being picked up.
A. One sixth the loudness.
B. One sixth the intensity.
C. Six times louder than the noise.
D. Six times louder than the intensity.
B. One sixth the intensity.
The higher the SNR, the better the microphone scheme is performing in that particular acoustical environment.
A. True.
B. False.
A. True.
The statistical areas where we locate the intensities and frequencies making up speech is of particular importance with respect to the:
A. Articulation Index.
B. Directivity Index.
C. Function of the cochlea.
D. Function of the ossicular chain.
E. Resonance of the external auditory meatus.
A. Articulation Index.
The last transducer in the hearing instrument is the _____.
A. DTA converter.
B. Amplifier.
C. Receiver.
D. Sound tube.
E. None of the above.
D. Sound tube.
Receivers are also made up of diaphragms which are magnetic, just like the _____.
A. Microphone.
B. DTA converter.
C. ATD converter.
D. Amplifier.
A. Microphone.
The electric, amplified signal passes into the receiver. The diaphragm vibrates in response to the makeup of the _____ in the speaker, which create acoustical wave forms.
A. Tripoles.
B. Band pass filters.
C. Narrow band filters.
D. Magnets.
D. Magnets.
Amplifiers provide the _____ of the acoustic signal.
A. Output.
B. Clarity.
C. Amplified output.
D. Gain.
E. Compression.
D. Gain.
Digital hearing instruments include an integrated circuit.
A. True.
B. False.
A. True.
An integrated circuit with an ATD and a DTA is also known as:
A. An analog circuit.
B. A mixed circuit.
C. A dielectric analectronic circuit.
D. A digital processor.
D. A digital processor.
The circuit board is an integrated circuit, which contains resistors, transistors, and other components.
A. True.
B. False.
A. True.
An analog amplifier is a compression based peak limiting amplifier.
A. True.
B. False.
B. False.
The amount of sound that hearing instruments augment through amplification is termed the _____ of the instrument.
A. Output.
B. Gain.
C. Supplementation.
B. Gain.
The amount of sound energy recordable at the receiver is called the:
A. Receiver total.
B. Amplified total.
C. Output
D. Gain.
C. Output
Output is measured in:
A. dB HL.
B. dB Sones.
C. dB Phons.
D. dB SPL.
E. SSPL.
D. dB SPL.
I + G = _____
A. L.
B. M.
C. N.
D. O
E. P.
F. Q.
D. O
Linear technology deals with sounds too strong for the amplifier by _____.
A. Peak smoothing.
B. Peak elimination.
C. Peak clipping.
D. None of the above.
C. Peak clipping.
In today’s technology, output relative to input is described by the term _____.
A. Dynamic Range.
B. Wide Response.
C. Compression.
D. Linear Responses.
C. Compression.
Current technology allows the hearing instrument to _____ increased input.
A. Modify.
B. Lessen.
C. Amplify.
D. Compress.
D. Compress.
The compression circuit differs from first generation linear amplification technology because linear circuits amplified all input _____.
A. The same amount.
B. Until the kneepoint kicked in.
C. Until the compression threshold was activated by intensity.
D. In a similar fashion but not the same.
A. The same amount.
The concept with compression hearing instruments is based on the fact that the louder the signal the_____ amplification is needed to insure the output of the instrument remains within the dynamic range.
A. Less.
B. More.
C. Condensed.
D. Compressed.
E. More fine tuned.
A. Less.
The programmable point at which compression becomes active and loud sounds are reduced by certain amounts is called the _____.
A. Elbowpoint.
B. Wristpoint.
C. Lever threshold.
D. Kneepoint.
E. None of the above.
D. Kneepoint.
Compression hearing instruments have the capacity to _____ output by a percentage.
A. Increase.
B. Reduce and increase.
C. Smooth and divert.
D. Reduce.
B. Reduce and increase.
CT [compression kneepoint] and CT [compression threshold] are:
A. Similar concepts.
B. Unrelated.
C. One and the same.
D. Mathematical inflection points around which sounds diminish.
C. One and the same.
The point at which amplification is no longer linear in nature and the lowest point on input which will trigger a 2 dB reduction in gain is termed the _____.
A. CT.
B. CK.
C. CD.
D. CR.
E. A and B.
F. A and D.
E. A and B.
The amplification algorithm [mathematical instructions] is active and functions over a particular area in the dynamic range. The area is called the _____.
A. Active Compression Target [ACT].
B. Compressive Target Zone [CTZ].
C. High Frequency Compression Interval [HFCI].
D. Compression Range [CR].
D. Compression Range [CR].
The time delay from the point of sound input which triggers compression until the output level is reached by the instrument is termed _____ time.
A. Processing.
B. Pre-amp.
C. Amp.
D. Attack.
E. Release.
D. Attack.
With compression instrumentation, in order to function properly the samples have to be taken. The sampling loop can be taken either in front of or behind the volume control [VC] in order to be processed. The VC then becomes a factor in whether the CK [compression Kneepoint] is constant or variable.
A. True.
B. False.
A. True.
The interval of time between compression amplification and the return to linear amplification is termed _____ time.
A. Recovery.
B. Re-linearizing.
C. Re-compressed.
D. Release.
E. Renewal.
D. Release.
If the loop is behind [after] the VC, compression dictates that the CK changes with the gain but _____ is constant.
A. Gain.
B. Input.
C. Attack time.
D. Release time.
E. Output.
E. Output.
If the loop is in front of the VC, compression dictates that the CK is _____.
A. Variable.
B. Constant.
C. Variable at sounds under 65 dB and constant above 65 dB.
D. Constant at sounds under 65 dB and variable above 65 dB.
B. Constant.
Compression limiting circuits limit _____.
A. Input.
B. Gain.
C. Distortion.
D. Output.
E. None of the above.
D. Output.
Compression limiting circuits function as _____ hearing instruments over the majority of the frequency/intensity spectrum.
A. Peak Limiting.
B. Linear.
C. Compressor.
D. Attenuating.
B. Linear.
Compression limiting circuits are designed to:
A. Govern input.
B. Govern output.
C. Reduce high input distortions.
D. Reduce low frequency occlusion effects.
E. Enhance SNR regarding double consonants.
B. Govern output.
WDRC stands for Wide Dynamic Range Compression and is known to make available:
A. Dynamic control capability.
B. Enhanced therapeutic manipulability.
C. Clearer understanding.
D. Enhanced negative SNR understanding.
E. Greater dynamic range than the patient has.
F. A and B.
F. A and B.
The criteria which lead to high performance in WDRC HI’s are:
A. Higher CRs.
B. Lower CRs.
C. Higher CKs.
D. Lower CKs.
E. Shorter A&R times.
F. B, D, and E.
F. B, D, and E.
