Viticulture Flashcards
The stage after Winter Dormancy
Weeping
What comes next?
Winter Dormancy
Weeping
Bud Break
What comes next?
Winter Dormancy
Weeping
Bud Break
Shoot & Leaf Growth
What comes next?
Winter Dormancy
Weeping
Bud Break
Shoot & Leaf Growth
Photosynthesis Begins
What comes next?
Winter Dormancy
Weeping
Bud Break
Shoot & Leaf Growth
Photosynthesis Begins
Flowering
What comes next?
Winter Dormancy
Weeping
Bud Break
Shoot & Leaf Growth
Photosynthesis Begins
Flowering
Berry Set
What comes next?
Winter Dormancy
Weeping
Bud Break
Shoot & Leaf Growth
Photosynthesis Begins
Flowering
Berry Set
Veraison
Winter Dormancy
Weeping
Bud Break
Shoot & Leaf Growth
Photosynthesis Begins
Flowering
Berry Set
Veraison
Phenolic Maturity
What is the last stage before the grape vine goes back into Winter Dormancy?
Harvest
The process by which materials are moved from one part of the plant to another
Translocation
The process by which sunlight is converted into sugar
Photosynthesis
The process by which water evaporates through openings on the underside of the leaves
Transpiration
The process by which sugar is broken down and converted into biological energy
Respiration
A problem that causes poor fruit set, also known as Shatter
Coulure
A soil-based roundworm that has become more prevalent with the increased use of shallow-rooted rootstock
Nematode
A mind that is sometimes beneficial, also known as noble root
Botrytis Cinerea
A fungal disease also known as Powdery Mildew
Oidium
A problem with abnormal fruit set that causes grape bunches to have a high proportion of small, seedless berries mixed in with normal, larger berries
Millerandage
A fungal disease also known as Downy Mildew
Peronospora
A bacterial disease spread by insects such as the glassy-winged sharpshooter
Pierce’s Disease
A destructive louse that feeds off the roots of vinifera vines
Phylloxera
Term for the actual meteorological conditions experienced in a place
Weather
Term for the historical average weather of a place
Climate
How much water do grapevines need on an annual basis?
20-30 inches
Soils with ______ fertility are generally ideal for commercial vineyards
Low
Place these four soil types in order, from smallest particle size to largest:
• Gravel
• Silt
• Clay
• Sand
Clay
Silt
Sand
Gravel
T / F
In general, a lower latitude translates into a warmer climate
True
T / F
The Oeschle system of measuring grape ripeness is widely used in France
False
It’s used in Germany
T / F
Photosynthesis slows, but does not stop, at night
False
It stops at night
T / F
The annual growth cycle of the vine is considered to begin each year with bud break, which starts once temperatures reach 65F (18C) in the spring
False
It begins when temperatures reach above 50F with Weeping
T / F
When producing dry table wines, the typical time from bud break to harvest is 140-160 days
True
T / F
Ideally, soil should enable the vine’s roots to access water when needed, but also ensure that excess water is drained away
True
T / F
In the Northern Hemisphere, a vineyard on a slope that faces north gets the most sun
False
A south-facing vineyard gets the most sun
T / F
Regions with a continental climate generally experience hotter summers and colder winters than regions with a Mediterranean climate
True
T / F
Transpiration is the process by which water evaporates through openings on the underside of the leaves known as stomata
True
T / F
A Mediterranean climate is considered to have too short of a growing season in order for grapes to ripen on a regular basis
False
A Marginal climate is being referred to
T / F
In general, sugar as measured by degrees Brix will convert to alcohol by a conversion factor of 55%
True
T / F
Photosynthesis tends to slow down at temperatures below 50F/10C
True
T / F
A refractometer is used to measure the amount of rainfall that penetrates the topsoil to a depth of 6 inches (15cm)
False
A refractometer is used to measure grape sugar
T / F
Head-trained vines - sometimes referred to as gobelet-style vines - do not typically require vine trellis systems
True
_________ can only occur when the sun is shining
Photosynthesis
In general, how much water do vines need on an annual basis?
20-30 inches
The grapes begin a sudden acceleration toward maturation and begin to take on color
Veraison
Considered to be the ideal latitudes for commercial wine grape growing in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
Between 30 - 50 degrees
Vineyard disease easily spread by the glassy-winged sharpshooter?
Pierce’s disease
What vine condition is sometimes beneficial, and may be referred to as “noble rot”?
Botrytis
A vine metabolic process in which sugar is broken down and converted into biological energy
Respiration
The temperature that signals bud break in the spring
50F (10C)
The soil type with the smallest particle size
Clay
