vitamins, minerals, electrolytes, and obesity

Question 1

what are vitamins required for

Answer 1

-required for normal body metabolism, growth, and development
-required for formation of RBCs, nerve cells, hormones, genetic material, bone, and other tissues

Question 2

which vitamin is good for wound healing, tissue repair, and infection prevention

Answer 2

C

Question 3

which vitamin is good fo energy, metabolism, and production of RBCs

Answer 3

B

Question 4

describe and anme some water soluble vitamins

Answer 4

water solubke vitamins are not stored in the body and are rapidle eliminated

B complex, and C

Question 5

describe fat soluble vitamins and give examples

Answer 5

stored in the body when taken in excess, absorbed from the intestine with dietary fat

A, D, E, K

Question 6

minerals and electrolytes are essential constituents of…

Answer 6

bone, teeth, cell membranes, connective tissues, many essential enzymes

Question 7

what do minerals and electrolytes do

Answer 7

-maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance
-maintain osmotic pressure, nerve and muscle function, assist in diffusion
-influence groth process

Question 8

name some minerals and electrolytes

Answer 8

calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium

Question 9

normal sodium value

Answer 9

135-145

Question 10

normal potassium value

Answer 10

3.5-5

Question 11

normal chloride value

Answer 11

95-105

Question 12

what is recommended daily allowance (RDA)

Answer 12

how much is needed to meet the needs of a healthy person

Question 13

what is the best form of supplementation

Answer 13

changes in diet

Question 14

what are some situations in which you would be careful with replacement

Answer 14

-renal failure (careful with postassiuma nd phosphorus)
-hepatic failure (may need special supplements)
-vitamin K (used to reverse warfarin and works on clotting enzymes in liver)

Question 15

describe obesity

Answer 15

-considered major public health problem
-high rates of morbity and mortality
-ombes: BMI >30
-substantially increases risks for development of numerous health problems

Question 16

what are some physiologic factors that may lead to obesity

Answer 16

intake > expenditure
eating more calories, excerising less

-genetic factors
-environmental factors
-psychosocial factors

Question 17

give and example of an adrenergic anorexiant

Answer 17

phentermine

Question 18

what are adrenergic anorexiants used for

Answer 18

appetite supression

Question 19

describe the action of adrenergic anorexiants

Answer 19

-stimulation of the satiety center in the hypothalamic and limbic region
-slows reuptake of serotinin and norepinephrine

Question 20

name some adverse effects of adrenergic anorexiants

Answer 20

-nervousness
-hyperactivity
-dry mouth
-constipation
-hypertension

Question 21

what are some patient teachings for adrenergic anorexiants

Answer 21

-meant for short term use (3 months or less)
-meant to be used in combination with diet and exercise

Question 22

give and example of lipase inhibitors

Answer 22

orlistat

Question 23

what do lipase inhibitors do

Answer 23

decreased fat absorption, decreased caloric intake

Question 24

describe the action of lipase inhibitors

Answer 24

-binds to gastric and pancreatic
-prevent the absorption of 30% of ingested fat

Question 25

what are some adverse effects of lipase inhibitors

Answer 25

-abdominal pain
-oily spotting
-fecal urgency and incontinence
-flatulance with discharge
-fatty stools
-increased defacation

Question 26

what are some nursing interventions for obesity

Answer 26

-calculate BMI
-measure waist circumference
-assess for complications from obesity
-assess labs
-review drugs that may cause weight gain
-assess physical activity
-reliable source of information

Question 27

describe patient teaching for obesity

Answer 27

-keep a food diary for 2-3 days
-keep an activity diary
-formulate realistic goals
-any exercise can be beneficial
-measure waist circumference
-support groups