drug therapy for diarrhea

Question 1

what are some causes of diarrhea

Answer 1

-meds (antibiotics and a shit ton of others)
-infections
-inflammatory conditions (colitis, crohns, IBS)

Question 2

what are some complications of diarrhea

Answer 2

-cardiac dysrhythmias
-dehydration, electrolyte imbalances
-metabolic acidosis
-decreased UOP
-muscle weakness
-hypotension
-altered skin integrity

Question 3

give an example of opiate-related antidiarrheal agents

Answer 3

diphenoxylate with atropine

Question 4

what are opiate-related antidiarrheal agents used for

Answer 4

-slows peristalsis in GI tract
-used to treat diarrhea
-onset of action 45-60mins

Question 5

what are some contraindications of opiate-related antidiarrheal agents

Answer 5

infectious disease (ecoli, salmonella)

Question 6

what are some adverse effects of opiate-related antidiarrheal agents

Answer 6

-tachycardia
-dizziness, HA
-hypotension (is misused)
-respiratory acidosis (if misused)

Question 7

name some miscellaneous antidiarrheals

Answer 7

-bismuth subsalicylate
-octreotide
-polcarbophil
-enzymatic replacement
-bild binding
-antibacterial

Question 8

describe bismuth subsalicylate as a antidiarrheal

Answer 8

OTC antibacterial/antiviral activity

Question 9

describe octreotide as a antidiarrheal

Answer 9

diarrhea r/t HIV, intestinal tumors

Question 10

describe polycarbophil as a antidiarrheal

Answer 10

bulk forming laxative, absorbs water

Question 11

describe enymatic replacement as a antidiarrheal

Answer 11

pancreatic enzymes

Question 12

describe bile binding as a antidiarrheal

Answer 12

used for diarrhea from crohns

Question 13

describe antibacterial as a antidiarrheal

Answer 13

rifaximin is used for travellers diarrhea

Question 14

what are some nursing considerations for antidiarrheals

Answer 14

-rule out infectious cause
-monitor lab values
-monitor hydration status

Question 15

describe patient education for antidiarrheals

Answer 15

-increase fluid intake
-avoid spicy food
-avoid raw fruits and veggies
-stop meds when diarrhe stops
-dont take longer than 3 days

Question 16

a primary nursing diagnosis for a pt with diarrhea would be which of the following?

A) body image
B) fluid volume overload
C) risk for falls
D) risk for GI bleeding

Answer 16

C) risk for falls

diarrhea can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances as well as urgency. fall prevention should be a priority

Question 17

a patient reports thet take more than the recommended daily dose of vitamin D to prevent osteoporosis. should the nurse be concerned?

Answer 17

yep, its a fat soluble vitamin

A, D, E, and K are fat soluble vitamins, so your body stores them and they are not cleared out by drinking more water