drug therapy for diarrhea Flashcards
what are some causes of diarrhea
-meds (antibiotics and a shit ton of others)
-infections
-inflammatory conditions (colitis, crohns, IBS)
what are some complications of diarrhea
-cardiac dysrhythmias
-dehydration, electrolyte imbalances
-metabolic acidosis
-decreased UOP
-muscle weakness
-hypotension
-altered skin integrity
give an example of opiate-related antidiarrheal agents
diphenoxylate with atropine
what are opiate-related antidiarrheal agents used for
-slows peristalsis in GI tract
-used to treat diarrhea
-onset of action 45-60mins
what are some contraindications of opiate-related antidiarrheal agents
infectious disease (ecoli, salmonella)
what are some adverse effects of opiate-related antidiarrheal agents
-tachycardia
-dizziness, HA
-hypotension (is misused)
-respiratory acidosis (if misused)
name some miscellaneous antidiarrheals
-bismuth subsalicylate
-octreotide
-polcarbophil
-enzymatic replacement
-bild binding
-antibacterial
describe bismuth subsalicylate as a antidiarrheal
OTC antibacterial/antiviral activity
describe octreotide as a antidiarrheal
diarrhea r/t HIV, intestinal tumors
describe polycarbophil as a antidiarrheal
bulk forming laxative, absorbs water
describe enymatic replacement as a antidiarrheal
pancreatic enzymes
describe bile binding as a antidiarrheal
used for diarrhea from crohns
describe antibacterial as a antidiarrheal
rifaximin is used for travellers diarrhea
what are some nursing considerations for antidiarrheals
-rule out infectious cause
-monitor lab values
-monitor hydration status
describe patient education for antidiarrheals
-increase fluid intake
-avoid spicy food
-avoid raw fruits and veggies
-stop meds when diarrhe stops
-dont take longer than 3 days
a primary nursing diagnosis for a pt with diarrhea would be which of the following?
A) body image
B) fluid volume overload
C) risk for falls
D) risk for GI bleeding
C) risk for falls
diarrhea can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances as well as urgency. fall prevention should be a priority
a patient reports thet take more than the recommended daily dose of vitamin D to prevent osteoporosis. should the nurse be concerned?
yep, its a fat soluble vitamin
A, D, E, and K are fat soluble vitamins, so your body stores them and they are not cleared out by drinking more water
