Vitamins and Minerals Flashcards
What mineral is associated with impaired glucose tolerance?
Chromium
What mineral is assoc with hypothyroidism?
Iodine
What mineral is an important component of the enzyme xanthine oxidase?
Molybdenum
What vitamin deficiency has the following signs: angular stomatitis, glossitis, and cheliosis?
Riboflavin (B2) deficiency
What vitamin is a component of the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)?
Thymine (B1)
TPP is a coenzyme in several rxn (e.g. ethanol fermentation, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex)
Avidin decreases the absorption of what vitamin?
Biotin. Avidin is found in raw egg whites
What are the 4 Ds of niacin deficiency?
- Diarrhea
- Dermatitis
- Dementia
- Death
What mineral is an important component of glutathione peroxidase?
selenium (Se)
What mineral deficiency in kids is assoc with poor growth and impaired sexual development?
Zinc (Zn) deficiency
What mineral, via excessive depositions int he liver, causes hemochromatosis?
Iron
What vitamin is needed in the production of heme?
Pyridoxine (B6)
What vitamin is a component of the enzymes fatty acid synthase and acyl CoA
pantothenic acid
what vitamin deficiency has the following signs: homocysteinuria and methylmalonic aciduria
Cyanocobalamin (B12) deficiency
folic acid deficiency has only homocysteinuria as a sign
What vitamin deficiency is evidenced by the following signs: poor wound healing, loose teeth, bleeding gums, petechiae, and ecchymosis
Ascorbic acid (vit C) deficiency signs of scurvy
What vitamin is given as a prophylactic tx for patients who suffer from alcoholism
Thiamine (B1) to prevent Wernicke’s encephalopathy and Korsakoff’s encephalopathy
What are the 3 carboxylase enzymes that require biotin?
- Pyruvate
- Acetyl CoA
- Propionyl CoA carboxylase
What vitamin requires intrinsic factor (IF) for absorption
B12 - cyanocobalamin
What mineral is a component of cytochrom a/a3
copper
leukopenia, neutropenia, and mental deterioration are signs of what mineral deficiency?
Copper deficiency
Megaloblastic anemia and thrombocytopenia are signs of what vitamin deficiency
folic acid deficiency
