Pharm Flashcards
Which muscarininc receptor uses a dec in adenyl cyclases as its second messenger?
M2
what drug is used to differentiate a cholinergic crisis from myasthenia gravis?
Edrophonium
what drug causes a gradual loss of choline from the presynaptic nerve terminal by blocking its reuptake?
hemicholium
what is the only site in the body that uses M1 receptors?
stomach
what drug is an M1-specific antispasmodic?
pirenzepine
what is the most potent NMJ blocker and also has no CV side effects?
Doxacurium
what antimuscarinic is used as an inhalant for asthma?
Ipratropium
what is the antidote ofr organophosphate ingestion?
atropine and 2-PAM (pralidoxime)
what is the drug of choice for atropine or TCA overdose?
physostigmine
What is the rate-limiting step for NE synthesis?
tyrosine hydroxylase
what 2 enzymes are blocked by disulfiram?
aldehyde dehydrogenase and dopamine B-hydroxylase
what is the monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) inhibitor?
selegiline
what 2 drugs inhibit the relase of neurotransmitters from storage granules?
- Guanethidine2. Bretylium
what drug blocks intragranular uptake of NE?
reserpine
what 2 drugs, when mixed, can lead to malignant hyperthermia?
- Succinylcholine
2. Halothane (tx is with dantrolene)
in what phase of nocompetitive depolarization does no further depolarization occur, producing a desensitized block?
phase 2
what adrenergic receptors use inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) for their second messenger system?
alpha1-receptors
what alpha1-agonist is used to tx paroxysmal atrial tachy with hypotension?
metaraminol (alpha1, beta1)
what alpha1-agonist, not inactivated by catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT), is used as a decongestant and also for tx of paroxysmal atrial tachy?
phenylephrine
what b2-agonist is used in the prophylactic tx of asthma?
Salmeterol
What 2 B2-agnoists cause myometrial relaxation?
- Ritodrine
2. Terbutaline
A hypertensive crisis can be caused by the addition of an MAO inhibitor and what?
tyramine
what group of drugs is known as the “antihypertensive” group?
alpha1-antagonists
Half lives: how long does it take for a drug to reach a final steady state of 87.5%?
1 half-life: 50%
2 half-lives: 75%
3 half-lives: 87.5%
4 half-lives: 93.75%
