Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Which muscarininc receptor uses a dec in adenyl cyclases as its second messenger?

A

M2

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2
Q

what drug is used to differentiate a cholinergic crisis from myasthenia gravis?

A

Edrophonium

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3
Q

what drug causes a gradual loss of choline from the presynaptic nerve terminal by blocking its reuptake?

A

hemicholium

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4
Q

what is the only site in the body that uses M1 receptors?

A

stomach

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5
Q

what drug is an M1-specific antispasmodic?

A

pirenzepine

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6
Q

what is the most potent NMJ blocker and also has no CV side effects?

A

Doxacurium

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7
Q

what antimuscarinic is used as an inhalant for asthma?

A

Ipratropium

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8
Q

what is the antidote ofr organophosphate ingestion?

A

atropine and 2-PAM (pralidoxime)

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9
Q

what is the drug of choice for atropine or TCA overdose?

A

physostigmine

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10
Q

What is the rate-limiting step for NE synthesis?

A

tyrosine hydroxylase

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11
Q

what 2 enzymes are blocked by disulfiram?

A

aldehyde dehydrogenase and dopamine B-hydroxylase

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12
Q

what is the monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) inhibitor?

A

selegiline

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13
Q

what 2 drugs inhibit the relase of neurotransmitters from storage granules?

A
  1. Guanethidine2. Bretylium
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14
Q

what drug blocks intragranular uptake of NE?

A

reserpine

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15
Q

what 2 drugs, when mixed, can lead to malignant hyperthermia?

A
  1. Succinylcholine

2. Halothane (tx is with dantrolene)

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16
Q

in what phase of nocompetitive depolarization does no further depolarization occur, producing a desensitized block?

A

phase 2

17
Q

what adrenergic receptors use inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) for their second messenger system?

A

alpha1-receptors

18
Q

what alpha1-agonist is used to tx paroxysmal atrial tachy with hypotension?

A

metaraminol (alpha1, beta1)

19
Q

what alpha1-agonist, not inactivated by catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT), is used as a decongestant and also for tx of paroxysmal atrial tachy?

A

phenylephrine

20
Q

what b2-agonist is used in the prophylactic tx of asthma?

A

Salmeterol

21
Q

What 2 B2-agnoists cause myometrial relaxation?

A
  1. Ritodrine

2. Terbutaline

22
Q

A hypertensive crisis can be caused by the addition of an MAO inhibitor and what?

A

tyramine

23
Q

what group of drugs is known as the “antihypertensive” group?

A

alpha1-antagonists

24
Q

Half lives: how long does it take for a drug to reach a final steady state of 87.5%?

A

1 half-life: 50%
2 half-lives: 75%
3 half-lives: 87.5%
4 half-lives: 93.75%