Neuro Flashcards
What is the only cranial nerve that comes off the dorsal surface of the brain stem?
CN IV
What type of fiber is carried in the dorsal root?
Sensory only
How would a lower motor neuron (LMN) lesion present?
Hyporeflexia and flaccid paralysis (always ipsilateral)
What is the name of the brain stem tract in which the dorsal columns run?
Medial lemniscus
What is the ability to tell what something is without looking at it and using only your hands?
Stereognosis
In what tract do pain and temperature fibers run?
Spinothalamic tract
What gyrus in the cerebral cortex receives information from fibers of the dorsal column tract?
Postcentral gyrus
What area of the brain is responsible for contralateral gaze?
Frontal eye field (Brodmann area 8)
What is the thalamic relay nucleus for the visual system?
Lateral geniculate body (LGB)
What is the function of the ossicles?
They increase the intensity of sound?
What muscle in the eye is responsible for accommodation?
Ciliary muscle
What area of the eye has the greatest visual acuity?
Fovea (it is made up soley of cones)
What cell type in the eye is for color vision?
Cones (Cones and Color start with C)
If there is macula sparing in a visual deficit, where is the lesion?
In the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex
Which way do the eyes drift in a frontal eye field lesion?
To the side of the lesion
What is the thalamic relay nucleus that CN V needs to “speak” to in order to pass its information on to the cerebral cortex?
Ventroposteromedial (VPM)
Cell bodies of what fibers are found in the mesencephalic nucleus of CN V?
Proprioception of the face (CN V) and motor (jaw jerk reflex)
If a patient presented with an LMN lesion in CN V, CN VII, or CN XII, what would you see?
Ipsilateral paresis
What is the motor relay nucleus of the thalamus?
Ventrolateral (VL) nucleus of thalamus
What is the only cell type to leave the cerebellum?
Purkinje (inhibitory)
If a patient presented with a right-sided cerebellar lesion, which way would the patient fall if he closed his eyes?
To the right
What is the function of the superior olivary nucleus?
To localize and determine the nature of sounds (Sound and superior start with S)
If a patient presents with a left nystagmus, where is the lesion?
On the right, because the nystagmus is named for the fast component, and the fast component is to the unaffected side
What region of the cerebellum is responisible for the planning of movements?
Cerebellar hemisphere