Vitals

Question 1

importance of vital sign measurement (2)

Answer 1

the establishment of baseline, normal values ensures a standard comparison in the event of a medical emergency

they are used as a screening tool for abnormalities, either diagnosed or undiagnosed

Question 2

4 classical signs of infection

Answer 2

calor (heat)
dolor (pain)
rubor (redness)
tumor (swelling)

Question 3

4 types of infections

Answer 3

viral
bacterial
fungal
parasitic

Question 4

viral infection

Answer 4

parasitic and require a host cell

ex. influenza, herpes, HPV, HIV

Question 5

bacterial infection

Answer 5

single cell microorganisms

ex. strep, e. coli, cellulitis, MRSA, tuberculosis

Question 6

fungal infection

Answer 6

years and mold

ex. ringworm, thrush, histoplasmosis

Question 7

parasitic infection

Answer 7

live on or in a host

ex. malaria, lice, tapeworm

Question 8

dry socket/alveolar osteitis

Answer 8

after a tooth is taken out and the tooth does not heal correctly

Question 9

MRSA generally start as

Answer 9

swollen, painful red bumps that might look like pimples or spider bites

Question 10

vital signs (4)

Answer 10

temperature
pulse
respiration
blood pressure

Question 11

oral average temp

Answer 11

98.6

Question 12

oral temp is
highest at
loest at

Answer 12

4-6 pm

6 am

Question 13

axillary temp

Answer 13

oral -1

Question 14

rectal temp

Answer 14

oral + 1

Question 15

what is a fever?

Answer 15

a temperature of 100.4 F/38 C or higher

Question 16

low grade fever range

Answer 16

99.6-100.3

Question 17

pulse

Answer 17

heart rate, number of times your heart beats per minute

Question 18

females age – and older in general, tend to have a faster heart rate than do males

Answer 18

12

Question 19

3 types of pulse

Answer 19

radial
brachial
carotid

Question 20

normal pulse range

Answer 20

60-100 beats/min

Question 21

pulse in
children
athletes

Answer 21

higher

lower

Question 22

tachycardia

Answer 22

pulse rate greater than 100 bmp

Question 23

bradycardia

Answer 23

pulse rate lower than 100 bmp

Question 24

normal respiration range

Answer 24

12-16 bmp

Question 25

respiration children athletes

Answer 25

higher | lower

Question 26

bradypnea

Answer 26

slow respiration

Question 27

tachypnea

Answer 27

rapid resipration

Question 28

--- of americans have heart disease

Answer 28

half

Question 29

causes of hypertension (3)

Answer 29

aging obesity lack of physical activity

Question 30

systolic pressure

Answer 30

the pressure inside the artery when the heart contracts

Question 31

diastolic pressure

Answer 31

the pressure inside the artery when the heart is at rest and filling with blood

Question 32

a greater risk of stroke and heart disease is related to a higher

Answer 32

systolic

Question 33

the systolic is the maximum pressure your heart experiences while

Answer 33

beating

Question 34

the systolic is the phase of heartbeat when the heart muscle --- and --- blood from the chambers into the arteries

Answer 34

contracts and pumps

Question 35

systolic is how much --- is pushing on your blood vessel walls

Answer 35

pressure

Question 36

diastolic is the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle --- and allows the chambers to fill with blood

Answer 36

relax

Question 37

diastolic is the pressure in your --- between beats

Answer 37

arteries

Question 38

systolic hypertension

Answer 38

if your systolic BP is higher than 130 but your diastolic blood pressure is under 80

Question 39

most common kind of high BP in people over 65

Answer 39

systolic hypertension

Question 40

pulse pressure

Answer 40

the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure

Question 41

the pulse pressure is the --- that the heart generates each time it pumps

Answer 41

force

Question 42

pulse pressure is considered a risk factor when it is greater than

Answer 42

60 mm Hg

Question 43

normal or safe is less than

Answer 43

45 mm Hg

Question 44

what is an important mortality predictor, especially with hemodialysis patients

Answer 44

pulse pressure

Question 45

are arm or wrist automated BP cuffs more accurate?

Answer 45

arm

Question 46

antecubital fossa

Answer 46

an inch above the brachial artery

Question 47

the cuff is inflated -- to -- above normal systolic pressure

Answer 47

20-30 mm Hg | 140 on us, 160-180 on patients

Question 48

kortokoff sounds

Answer 48

beating sounds

Question 49

patient who has --- --- can increase systolic reading by 7% and diastolic by 2%

Answer 49

crossed legs

Question 50

wait -- before retaking BP

Answer 50

2 min

Question 51

whos more likely to have hypertension?

Answer 51

until the age of 45, men | post menopausal women have increased due to lack of estrogen

Question 52

hypertension patient factors (2)

Answer 52

stress | distended bowel or bladder

Question 53

hypertension and drugs (5)

Answer 53

``` caffeine tobacco cocaine amphetamines meth ```

Question 54

normal BP

Answer 54

less than or equal to 120/80

Question 55

elevated BP

Answer 55

120-129/80

Question 56

hypertension stage 1

Answer 56

130-139/80-89

Question 57

hypertension stage 2

Answer 57

140+/90+

Question 58

hypertensive crisis

Answer 58

180+/120+

Question 59

if the patient presents hypertensive readings,

Answer 59

take their BP 2-3 times and average the results

Question 60

BP is lowest at

Answer 60

night when sleeping

Question 61

blood pressure peaks at

Answer 61

middle of afternoon