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Cognitive Psychology > Visual Perception > Flashcards

Visual Perception Flashcards

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1
Q

Who provide a useful framework for studying perception

A

James Gibson

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2
Q

We attempt to match a pattern

A

Feature-Matching Theories

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3
Q

This model have a specific duties receive and analyze the features of a stimulus

A

Pandemonium Model

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4
Q

The perceiver builds(construct) a cognitive understanding (perception) of a stimulus.

A

Constructive Perception

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5
Q

Process by which we recognize,organize, and make sense of the sensation we receive from environmental stimuli by sensation.

A

Perception

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6
Q

When we perceived an assortment of objects, we tend to see objects that are close to each other as forming a group.

A

Proximity

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7
Q

SPECIALIZES IN RECOGNIZING PARTS
OF OBJECTS AND IN ASSEMBLING
THOSE PARTS INTO DISTINCTIVE
WHOLES

A

FEATURE ANALYSIS
SYSTEM

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8
Q

occurs when our
perception of an object remains the
same even when our proximal
sensation of the distal object changes

A

Perceptual constancies

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9
Q

considers the appearance of the
object itself, regardless of the
distance and angle from which it
is viewed.

A

OBJECT-CENTERED
REPRESENTATION

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10
Q

are the influences of the surrounding environment on
perception. The strength of the context also plays a role in object
recognition

A

Context effects

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11
Q

information is characterized by
its relation to a well-known or
prominent item

A

LANDMARK-CENTERED
REPRESENTATION

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12
Q

manage to perceive 3-D
space when the proximal stimuli on
your retinas account for only a 2-D
projection of what you see

A

Depth cues

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13
Q

ABILITY TO USE THE
VISUAL SYSTEM TO GUIDE MOVEMENT

A

Ataxias

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14
Q

MOST COMMON IS RED-GREEN COLOR BLINDNESS. PEOPLE WITH
THIS FORM OF COLOR-BLINDNESS HAVE DIFFICULTY IN
DISTINGUISHING RED FROM GREEN ALTHOUGH THEY MAY BE ABLE
TO DISTINGUISH

A

Protanopia

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15
Q

ONLY TWO OF THE MECHANISMS FOR COLOR
PERCEPTION WORK, AND ONE IS MALFUNCTIONING

A

Dichromacy

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16
Q

CONFUSION OF BLUES AND GREENS, AND YELLOWS
THAT DISAP PEAR OR APPEAR AS LIGHT SHADES OF
REDS

A

Tritanopia

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17
Q

HAVE NO COLOR VISION AT ALL

A

Achromacy

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18
Q

TROUBLE SEEING GREENS WITH SYMPTOMS SIMILAR TO
PROTANOPIA

A

Deuteranopia

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19
Q

SPECIALIZES
IN
RECOGNIZING
LARGER CONFIGURATIONS, NOT
ANALYZING PARTS OF OBJECTS OR
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE
OBJECTS.

A

CONFIGURATIONAL
SYSTEM

20
Q

recognize objects by observing the edges of
them and then decomposing the objects into geons.

A

Recognition-by-components theory

21
Q

suggest that our
minds store myriad sets of
templates

A

Template theories

22
Q

considers the appearance of
an object relative to the viewe

A

VIEWER-CENTERED
REPRESENTATION

23
Q

the information in
our sensory receptors, including the
sensory context, is all we need to
perceive anything

A

Direct perception

24
Q

As the environment supplies us with
all the information we need for
perception, this view is sometimes
also called

A

ecological perception

25
Q

by which objects presented in certain
configurations are easier to recognize than the objects presented in isolation,
even if the objects in the configurations are more complex than those in isolation.

A

Configural-superiority effect

26
Q

We tend to group objects on the basis of their similarity

A

Similarity

27
Q

We tend to perceive objects as forming mirror images about their center

A

Law of symmetry

28
Q

What is the four pandemonium

A

Image
Feature
Cognitive
Decision

29
Q

participants
were slowed down if they had to identify
local (small) S’s combining to form a
global (big) H instead of identifying
local (small) H’s combining to form a
global (big) H.

A

Global precedence effect

30
Q

Participants more quickly identify the local
features of the individual letters than the
global ones, and the local features interfere
with the global recognition in cases of
contradictory stimuli

A

local precedence effect

31
Q

recognizable creature is staring them in the
face, but they may not see it

A

Dallenbach’s Cow

32
Q

show that sometimes we cannot perceive things that exist.
At other times, however, we perceive things that do not exist.

A

Illusion
Ex. Elusive triangles

33
Q

Framework of James Gibson

A

Distal object , Informational Medium, Proximal Stimulation and Perceptual object

34
Q

the distance from a
surface, usually using your own body
as a reference surface when
speaking in terms of depth
perception

A

Depth Perception

35
Q

TROUBLE PERCEIVING SENSORY INFORMATION

A

Agnosias

36
Q

Cells adapt to the constant stimulus. “Complete field”

A

The Ganzfeld Effect

37
Q

Approaches to Perception

A

Bottom-up Theories
Top-down Theories

38
Q

The human eye

A

Iris, pupil, cornea, lens, ciliary muscle, rods and cons, fovea, blindspot, optic nerve, retina

39
Q

Bottom-up Theories

A

Direct Perception
Template theories
Feature-Matching Theories
Recognition-by-components theory

40
Q

Pathways to perceive

A

What pathway
Where pathway

41
Q

Useful for understanding perceiving groups of objects and perceiving parts of objects to form an integral whole

A

Gestalt Laws

42
Q

Two different Patterns Recognition system

A

Feature analysis system
Configurational system

43
Q

The concepts of the perceiver and her cognitive processes influence what she sees

A

Top-down Theories

44
Q

Simple geometric shapes are called ____

A

Geons

45
Q

It is also called ecological perception

A

Direct Perception

46
Q

The Gestalt Principles of form perception

A

Figure-ground
Proximity
Similarity
Closure
Symmetry
Prägnanz

47
Q

Color Perception Deficiencies

A

Achromacy
Dichromacy
Protanopia
Deuteranopia
Tritanopia

Cognitive Psychology (7 decks)

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