Vision

Question 1

How is light detected?

Answer 1

Light falling on photoreceptors is transformed by retinal circuitry into a pattern of action potentials that ganglion cell axons convey to the visual centers in the rest of the brain.

Question 2

What is Phototransduction

Answer 2

The biochemical cascade that regulates the opening and closing of ion channels in the membrane of the photoreceptors outer segment, and thereby control the amount of neurotransmitters the photoreceptor releases.

Question 3

Two systems of photoreceptors

Answer 3

Rods (sensitivity) and Cons (acuity)

Question 4

Function of the two types of retinal ganglion cells?

Answer 4

Convey information about luminance increments and decrements (Light and Dark)

Question 5

Retinal circuits does?

Answer 5

Dynamically regulate the sensitivity of retinal ganglion cells and adjust their operating range to permit changes in activity and to convey information over a broad range of stimulus conditions

Question 6

Most important projection of the retinal ganglion cells are to?

Answer 6

Pretectum, hypothalamus, superior colliculus, geniculate nucleus

Question 7

Most cortical neurons have which kind of respon?

Answer 7

Binocular responses

Question 8

Binocular vision

Answer 8

The ability to maintain visual focus on an object with both eyes, creating a single visual image.

Question 9

Magnocellular pathway

Answer 9

Conveys information that is critical to detect rapidly changing stimuli

Question 10

Pervocellular pathway

Answer 10

mediates high acuity vision together with koniocellular pathway

Question 11

Inferotemporal cortex

Answer 11

Importen in object recognition

Question 12

Parietal lobe

Answer 12

Critical for understanding the spatial relationship between objects in the visual field.