Vis Navigation Flying Guide

Question 1

What considerations are there when planning a route?

Answer 1

Terrain
PRDs and Controlled
VFR Routes, inbound/outbound points, aerodrome procedures
High traffic and drone areas
Circuit areas of non-controlled aerodromes
Fly neighbourly areas/noise avoid/environmental

Question 2

Features of a good turn point

Answer 2

Obvious, unique locations, ideally with funnel features leading to them
Natural topgraphic features in preference to cultural/man made
Look for too far features that could be used to turn onto the next track if the point is not identified

Question 3

Considerations when selecting cruise altitude

Answer 3

Terrain elevation
VFR Hemispherical cruising altitudes above 3000 AMSL
VMC Requirements
Controlled airspace and PRDs
Wind strength usually increases and backs with altitude
Specific range increases with altitude but favourable winds are usually more important.

Question 4

What happens to leg time when climbing?

Answer 4

1 minute per 2000ft of climb

Question 5

LSALT Consids

Answer 5

Find the highest grid LSALT for the route.

Question 6

What is the standard cruise speed?

Answer 6

120KTAS

Question 7

What is the fuel flow rate?

Answer 7

3.3Kg/min

Question 8

What is the minimum fuel required to land at YSNW

Answer 8

70kg

Question 9

Holding fuel requirement

Answer 9

Equal to the relevant time at the holding fuel rate. e.g. 170kg/hr x 0.5hrs = 85 kg

Question 10

Alternate requirements found in?

Answer 10

SI(NA) OPS 01-01

Question 11

Latest flight notification

Answer 11

NLT 30 mins before

Question 12

When are flight notifications required

Answer 12

Sorties within local training area (Local 723 plan)
Sorties outside local training area
SARTIMEs required for VFR outside of local training area.

Question 13

What are the MET consids for flying VISNAV

Answer 13

Is the weather at departure suitable
Is the weather enroute suitable?
Is the destination weather suitable?
If weather is below minima, what holding and/or alternate fuel is required?
Calculate ETIs based on winds; and
Claculate min fuels based on ETIs and holding/alternate requirements.

Question 14

Fundamental fixing technique?

Answer 14

Clock - Mark the time since last fix
Map - Based on the time, determine where you SHOULD be
Ground - look for the features identified in map

Question 15

Feature ID methods

Answer 15

Direction - Describe direction 10oclock left
Distance - Estimate
Description - Describe the feature

Question 16

Track crawling

Answer 16

NFP directs the FP to track toward specific ground features.
Greater emphasis on PIDing features on map and less on drift corrected

Question 17

No guidance nav set up

Answer 17

Nav source - VOR1 on ND1, VOR2 ND2
Needles - Nil
GTN650 - Nearest airfield for medium level
GTN750 - Menu page with groundspeed displayed

Question 18

Pre-departure checks

Answer 18

ATIS
AIDS
AIRWAYS
BRIEF
CHECKS

Question 19

How do you depart and aerodrome?

Answer 19

Extending the leg of the normal circuit when turning IAW circuit direction. If turning opposite extend upwind

Question 20

Actions on take off

Answer 20

Note time and fuel
Direct FP to intercept track, using TOPO

Question 21

Top of Climb Procedure

Answer 21

Set cruise power to achieve required IAS
Fix position on map and note time
Update ETA for first turnpoint if required
Resume cruise workcycle/FCLEARM from departure

Cruise-Fix-ETA

Question 22

Pre-turn point TATS

Answer 22

Track
Altitude
Timing
Speed
Next Event

Question 23

Overhead turn point

Answer 23

Time
Turn
Fuel
Next Event

Question 24

Post turn point

Answer 24

Track
Obstacles
Points of interest
Other Admin (NEXT EVENT)

FCLEARM

Question 25

Cruise work cycle TATSTOPO

Answer 25

Track (ID position)
Altitude
Time
Speed
Track
Obstacles
Points of interest (Airspace boundary, area freq changes)
Other admin (Next event, FCLEARM)

Question 26

Descent Admin

Answer 26

ATIS
AIDS
AIRWAYS
BRIEF
CHECKS

Question 27

Diversions DIAFARE

Answer 27

Divert Point (Select the point and destination)
Information (Weather and NOTAMs for new area)
Airspace (Check for controlled airspace and PRDs)
Fuel - Do we have enough
AVRM - ACMEE
R/T - What RT is required
Execute

Question 28

What should you consider doing if the weather turns bad in flight?

Answer 28

Fly lower
Slow down
Divert/turn back
Land
IMC Recovery

Question 29

Lost procedure

Answer 29

Announce Lost
Direct the FP to climb to 500ft
Note the time
Direct FP to hold (orbits)
Determine a reasonable area of uncertainty based on time and heading
Use big-small to ID where you are to the map
if position is IDd resume nav
If still uncertain consider:
Reciprocal, GPS, other navaids

Lost-Climb-Time-Orbit-Area-ID

Question 30

After Takeoff Procedure

Answer 30

Aviate - standard power backups
Automate - recommend ALT and HDG
Navigate - Get on track within 5nm
Communicate - Appropriate external comms
Administrate - Next event, TATS

Question 31

How does a time correction work (120KIAS and below)

Answer 31

If you are 15 seconds late to the turn point
increase speed by 15KIAS for 90seconds

Question 32

If you are too early at a turnpoint by a large amount (1-2 minutes) what could you do?

Answer 32

60/120
60degrees left for 1 minute, 1 minute 120degrees right, resume normal track (1 minutes killed)

Question 33

Low level obstacles NFP duties

Answer 33

TOPO - Brief when and where
2nm out - state
1nm before- state
if not sighted climb to NB500ft

Question 34

Ideal low level nav features

Answer 34

Natural features such as;
Hills, valleys, plateaus, ridge lines for track crawling

Question 35

Cockpit crew duties

Answer 35

NFP monitors and adjusts the aircrafts tracking, lefg timing, and ground speed with directions to the FP

Question 36

When should you have an escape plan?

Answer 36

Always

Question 37

GTN650 set up for ET and TOT

Answer 37

Flight timer w/ stop watch (ET)
Date/time page (TOT)

Question 38

Low level overhead turnpoint

Answer 38

NFP makes positive direction to commence turn and when to stop using rally method.
Turn left…. Stop/roll out

Question 39

Low level post turnpoint

Answer 39

TTOPO
Time Track Obstacle PoI Other Admin

Question 40

Enroute workcycle

Answer 40

Track - Same as track crawling
Alt - If no change fine to say nothing or nb50
Time - Passing over, time is 1420:20, we are 20 seconds late
Speed - increase 120 (100 +20) for 90seconds
Track - Update if necessary
Obstacles - 3nm after next right turn, high tension
PoI - Airspace boundaries
Other admin (HASEL FCLEARM)