Viruses_Lesson 13.2

Question 1

influenza is commonly known as the…

Answer 1

flu

Question 2

what do the diseases chicken pox, mumps, measles, and polio have in common?

Answer 2

the are caused by different viruses

Question 3

define “virus”

Answer 3

a nonliving strand of DNA or RNA surrounded by a layer of protein that can infect and replicate in a host cell

Question 4

if you have had a cold, you have been infected by a…

Answer 4

virus

Question 5

is a cell wall, a nucleus, or any other organelles present inside a virus?

Answer 5

no

Question 6

the smallest viruses are between 20 and 100 times ______ than most bacteria

Answer 6

smaller

Question 7

viruses have a _____ of shapes

Answer 7

variety

Question 8

a cylinder, crystal, sphere, and bacteriophage are four common shapes of a…

Answer 8

virus

Question 9

what are four common shapes of a virus?

Answer 9

cylinder, crystal, sphere, and bacteriophage

Question 10

why do scientists NOT consider viruses living things?

Answer 10

they do not have all the characteristics of living things

Question 11

what are the characteristics of all living things?

Answer 11

organization, response to stimuli, use of energy, growth, and reproduction

Question 12

what characteristics of living things do viruses LACK

Answer 12

organization, response to stimuli, use of energy, growth, and reproduction

Question 13

viruses, such as the Ebola virus, are considered to be…

Answer 13

nonliving

Question 14

viruses must use organisms to…

Answer 14

carry on the processes associated with a living cell

Question 15

because viruses have no organelles they are not able to…

Answer 15

take in nutrients, use energy, or replicate without using the cellular parts of an organism

Question 16

how do viruses take in nutrients, use energy, or replicate without organelles

Answer 16

by using the cellular parts of a living organism

Question 17

in order to replicate, viruses must…

Answer 17

be inside a cell

Question 18

define “host cell”

Answer 18

the living cell that a virus infects

Question 19

when a virus enters a cell, it can either be ______ or _____

Answer 19

active or latent

Question 20

all latent viruses go through an _____ stage

Answer 20

inactive stage

Question 21

what happens when a virus become latent?

Answer 21

it’s genetic material becomes part of the host cell’s genetic material

Question 22

for a period of time known as the inactive stage, the virus does not…

Answer 22

take over the cell to produce more viruses

Question 23

in some cases, viruses have known to be inactive for….

Answer 23

many years

Question 24

once a virus becomes active…

Answer 24

it takes control of the host cell and replicates

Question 25

define “replication”

Answer 25

the processes in which a virus can make copies of itself

Question 26

a virus can not infect…

Answer 26

every cell

Question 27

define “latent”

Answer 27

to lie dormant or hidden until circumstances are suitable for development or manifestation.

Question 28

a virus can only attach to…

Answer 28

a host cell with specific molecules on its cell wall or membrane

Question 29

specific molecules on a cells’ cell wall or membrane enable viruses to…

Answer 29

attach to the host cell

Question 30

similar to the way that only certain electrical plugs can fit into an outlet on the wall, viruses…

Answer 30

can only attach to host cells with specific molecules on its cell wall or membrane