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Science Class_6th Grade > Transporting Materials_Lesson 12.1 > Flashcards

Transporting Materials_Lesson 12.1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the basic unit of life

A

cell

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2
Q

define tissue

A

organized group of cells that work together

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3
Q

define organ system

A

groups of organs that work together and perform a specific task

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4
Q

steadies internal conditions when external conditions change

A

homeostasis

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5
Q

when exercising, your body _____ energy

A

stores

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6
Q

your body releases excess energy as…

A

thermal energy

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7
Q

Also called sweat, this helps the body release thermal energy and maintain homeostasis

A

perspiration

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8
Q

groups of cells that function together form…

A

tissues

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9
Q

groups of tissues that function together form…

A

organs

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10
Q

groups of organs that function together form…

A

organ systems

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11
Q

organ systems provide…

A

movement and transport substancesRWEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE

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12
Q

organ systems maintain…

A

homeostasis

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13
Q

what do humans need to survive?

A

food, water, and oxygen

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14
Q

food contains ______ that is ________ by the body

A

energy; processed

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15
Q

define digestion

A

the process by which food is broken down

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16
Q

define excretion

A

the process by which substances that are not used by the body are removed

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17
Q

how does sweating help maintain homeostasis?

A

sweating releases excess thermal energy

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18
Q

where does the process of digestion begin?

A

the mouth

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19
Q

where does food enter the body?

A

the mouth

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20
Q

the digestive system is made up of…

A

several organs

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21
Q

what are the four steps in the digestive system?

A

ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination

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22
Q

food is first…

A

broken down into small molecules by digestion

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23
Q

what happens after food is ingested?

A

food is then broken into smaller parts through chewing and saliva which contains enzymes

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24
Q

when you swallow, food, water, and other liquids, they move into a hollow tube called the…

A

esophagus

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25
Q

a hollow tube transports substances in and out of the stomach

A

esophagus

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26
Q

the esophagus is connected to…

A

the stomach

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27
Q

digestion _______ as food leaves the esophagus and into the stomach

A

continues

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28
Q

define stomach

A

a flexible, baglike organ that contains enzymes that break down food into smaller parts so that the food can be used by the body

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29
Q

a type of digestion in which food is physically broken down into smaller pieces

A

mechanical digestion

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30
Q

_____________ occurs when you chew, mash, and grind food with your teeth or tongue

A

mechanical digestion

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31
Q

smaller pieces of food are ______ to swallow

A

easier

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32
Q

smaller pieces of food have more surface area which helps with…

A

chemical digestion

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33
Q

a type of digestion in which food is broken down into smaller pieces through chemical reactions

A

chemical digestion

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34
Q

chemical digestion can not occur without…

A

enzymes

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35
Q

define enzymes

A

proteins that help break down larger molecules into smaller molecules

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36
Q

enzymes ________ the rate of chemical reactions

A

catalyzes

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37
Q

catalyze means to

A

speed up

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38
Q

without enzymes, some chemical reactions would be…

A

too slow or would not occur at all

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39
Q

enzymes have ______ functions

A

specific

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40
Q

each enzyme has to help break down a ________ molecule at ________ locations

A

specific

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41
Q

after digestion in the stomach, food moves into…

A

the small intestine

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42
Q

by the time food reaches the small intestine, it is…

A

a soapy mixture

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43
Q

what are the functions of the small intestine?

A

digestion and absorption

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44
Q

define absorption

A

the process in which nutrients are taken in

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45
Q

what substance does the liver produce?

A

bile

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46
Q

what substance does the pancreas produce?

A

enzymes

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47
Q

both bile and enzymes are used to in the small intestine to….

A

break down food into even smaller pieces

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48
Q

food can take hours to more through the small intestine because the small intestine is…

A

very long

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49
Q

during the time food moves through the small intestine…

A

Food is broken even smaller pieces through bile and enzymes and particles of food and water are absorbed by into the blood.

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50
Q

food enters the body at the _____.

A

mouth

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51
Q

once food enters the body, ______ and ________ break down food.

A

chewing and saliva

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52
Q

after food is broken down in the mouth, food gets swallowed and travels down the ______.

A

esophgus

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53
Q

after food is swallowed, food then enters the _____ where ________ break it down further.

A

stomach where enzymes

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54
Q

The large intestine can also be called the…

A

colon

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55
Q

the large intestine receives…

A

digested food that the small intestine did not absorb

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56
Q

besides absorbing digested food that the small intestine did not absorb, the large intestine also absorbs…

A

water from remaining waste material

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57
Q

some types of fiber named ______ allow food to not be digested and leave the body through the rectum

A

insoluble fiber

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58
Q

insoluble fiber can be found in…

A

vegetables and whole grain

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59
Q

food leaves the body through the _____.

A

rectum

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60
Q

nutrients from food are absorbed in the…

A

small intestine

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61
Q

nutrients absorbed in the small intestine are necessary for…

A

other body systems to maintain homeostasis

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62
Q

the blood in the circulatory system absorbs…

A

the products of digestion

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63
Q

the blood carries nutrients it absorbs to…

A

all other parts of the body

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64
Q

carried nutrients from the blood provides all parts of the body with…

A

materials that contain energy

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65
Q

define nutrients

A

the parts of food used by the body to grow and survive

66
Q

proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals are all _____.

A

nutrients

67
Q

nutrition labels on food list the amount of each ______ in that food

A

nutrients

68
Q

different people need _______ amount of nutrients

A

different

69
Q

football players, swimmers, and other athletes need a lot of _______ for energy

A

nutrients

70
Q

pregnant women need lots of _______ to provide for their developing babies

A

nutrients

71
Q

a person sitting down might not need as many ______ as someone who is exercising

A

nutrients

72
Q

digestion helps release ____ from food

A

energy

73
Q

define calorie

A

the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius

74
Q

the body uses calories from…

A

proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

75
Q

proteins, fats, and carbohydrates all contain a different amount of…

A

energy

76
Q

define waste products

A

the unused food parts your body does NOT absorb for energy

77
Q

waste products are processed by the…

A

excretory system

78
Q

define the digestive system

A

the processing of food

79
Q

what are the functions of the excretory system?

A

to collect and eliminate wastes from the body and to regulate the level of fluid in the body.

80
Q

the digestive system collects waste in the…

A

intestines

81
Q

the excretory system collects waste in the…

A

blood

82
Q

if waste is not removed, or eliminated, from your body it could…

A

become toxic and damage your organs

83
Q

water is an essential ______ for your body

A

nutrient

84
Q

when waste is eliminated, some of the water in your body is…

A

lost

85
Q

the excretory system regulates the level of fluids in your body by…

A

controlling how much water exits the body through elimination

86
Q

The excretory system controls how much water exits the body through…

A

elimination

87
Q

through elimination, the excretory system ensures that…

A

neither too little nor too much water is lost

88
Q

define elimination

A

the elimination of waste products from the body

89
Q

define the excretory system

A

the organ system which excretes wastes from the body

90
Q

the collection of waste, elimination of waste, and the regulation of body fluids are the functions of which system?

A

excretory system

91
Q

processing food is the function of which system?

A

digestive system

92
Q

what is responsible for producing saliva to help the mouth break down food?

A

the salivary glands

93
Q

what are functions of the lungs in the excretory system?

A

to remove carbon dioxide and excess water as water vapor when you breathe out, or exhale

94
Q

what are functions of the skin in the excretory system?

A

to remove water and salt when you sweat

95
Q

what are the functions of the liver in the excretory system?

A

to remove wastes from the blood

96
Q

if wastes were to build up in the blood…

A

they would become toxic

97
Q

along with the excretory system, the liver is also part of the…

A

digestive system

98
Q

The digestive and excretory system work together to…

A

break down, absorb, and remove food

99
Q

when the liver breaks down protein ______ forms

A

urea

100
Q

urea is toxic if…

A

it stays in the body

101
Q

urea is a…

A

waste product

102
Q

which waste product is made when the liver breaks down proteins?

A

urea

103
Q

which organ in the excretory system removes urea?

A

the kidneys

104
Q

how do the kidneys remove urea from the body?

A

by making urine

105
Q

urine contains…

A

water, urea, and other waste chemicals.

106
Q

urine leaves each kidney through a tube called the…

A

ureter

107
Q

urine is stored in the…

A

bladder

108
Q

urine is removed through the…

A

urethra

109
Q

what are the functions of the kidneys in the excretory system?

A

to remove urea by producing urine

110
Q

what are the functions of the bladder in the excretory system?

A

to store urine

111
Q

like the liver, the rectum is part of the…

A

excretory system and the digestive system

112
Q

food substances that are not absorbed by the small intestine are…

A

mixed with other wastes and form feces

113
Q

the rectum stores…

A

feces

114
Q

the rectum stores feces until…

A

it moves out the body

115
Q

blood is part of the…

A

circulatory system

116
Q

the different functions of excretory system help maintain…

A

homeostasis

117
Q

filtering wastes from the blood is an example of…

A

maintaining homeostasis

118
Q

the removal of wastes from the digestive system is an example of…

A

maintaining homeostasis

119
Q

if not for the excretory system, wastes would…

A

build up, damaging your body

120
Q

define area

A

(noun) a part of something that has a particular function

121
Q

the hypothalamus is part of the…

A

nervous system

122
Q

to control the secretion of some hormones is the function of the…

A

hypothalamus

123
Q

the hypothalamus is an area inside the…

A

brain

124
Q

one such hormone the hypothalamus controls the secretion of causes the tubules in the kidney to absorb more water from the blood which helps…

A

the body regulate fluid levels

125
Q

define excretion

A

the process of eliminating or expelling waste matter in living organisms or cells

126
Q

through the hypothalamus water is retained in the blood instead of…

A

being excreted in the urine

127
Q

the circulatory system filters _____ from blood before it becomes toxic

A

waste

128
Q

the circulatory system filters _____ from blood before it becomes toxic

A

waste

129
Q

the digestive system removes _____ that could damage the body

A

waste

130
Q

the nervous interacts with the __________, which controls secretion of the hormones that help ___________________.

A

hypothalamus; maintain homeostasis and regulate bodily fluids

131
Q

the body converts food into…

A

nutrients

132
Q

define breathing

A

the movement of air into and out of the lungs

133
Q

breathing enables the respiratory system to…

A

exchange gases between the body and the environment

134
Q

air flows through which system?

A

respiratory system

135
Q

the parts of the respiratory system…

A

work together and supply the body with oxygen

136
Q

the respiratory system can rid the body of…

A

wastes

137
Q

the waste product carbon dioxide is removed out of the body through the…

A

respiratory system

138
Q

oxygen enters the body when you…

A

inhale, or breathe in

139
Q

carbon dioxide leaves the body when you…

A

exhale

140
Q

when you inhale, air enters the…

A

nostrils

141
Q

when you inhale, air passes through the…

A

pharynx

142
Q

the pharynx is part of the…

A

throat

143
Q

the pharynx is part of which system(s)?

A

digestive and respiratory system

144
Q

the tongue, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, large intestine, small intestine, and rectum are parts of which system?

A

digestive system

145
Q

the lungs, skin, liver, kidneys, bladder, and rectum are part of which system?

A

excretory system

146
Q

food goes through the pharynx to the…

A

esophagus

147
Q

as air travels through the pharynx to the trachea it passes through the

A

larynx, or voicebox

148
Q

the trachea is also called the windpipe because…

A

it is a long, tubelike organ that connects the pharynx to the bronchi

149
Q

there are ____ bronchi

A

two

150
Q

one bronchi enters the _____ lung, and one enters the ______ lung

A

left and right

151
Q

each bronchi divide into…

A

smaller tube that end in tiny groups of cells

152
Q

the groups of cells which bronchi end in are called…

A

alveoli

153
Q

the alveoli are surrounded by…

A

blood vessels called capillaries

154
Q

define vessel

A

a tube in the body that carries fluid such as blood

155
Q

the capillaries which surround the alveoli is where _____ takes place.

A

gas exchange

156
Q

define gas exchange

A

the transfer of oxygen from inhaled air into the blood and the transfer of carbon dioxide from the blood into the exhaled air

157
Q

the blood inside capillaries transport oxygen to…

A

the rest of the body

158
Q

carbon dioxide inside the capillaries is…

A

expelled by the lungs

159
Q

oxygen in the alveoli enters the…

A

capillaries

160
Q

carbon dioxide moves from the capillaries into the…

A

alveoli

Science Class_6th Grade (17 decks)

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