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Science Class_6th Grade > Cells and Energy_Lesson 10.4 > Flashcards

Cells and Energy_Lesson 10.4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

all living things need _____ to survive

A

energy

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2
Q

cells process energy from food into the…

A

energy-storage compound, ATP

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3
Q

a series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into a usable form of energy called ATP

A

cellular respiration

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4
Q

cellular respiration occurs in two parts of a cell-

A

the cytoplasm and the mitochondria

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5
Q

the first step in cellular respiration

A

glycolysis

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6
Q

a process by which glucose, a sugar molecule, is broken down into smaller molecules

A

glycolysis

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7
Q

glycolysis produces…

A

ATP

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8
Q

glycolysis uses energy from…

A

Other ATP molecules

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9
Q

the second step in cellular respiration occurs in…

A

the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells

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10
Q

the second step in cellular respiration requires

A

oxygen

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11
Q

what occurs in the second step of cellular respiration?

A

smaller molecules made from glucose is broken down and large amounts of ATP- usable energy are produced

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12
Q

cells use ____ to power all cellular processes

A

ATP

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13
Q

cells use ATP to power…

A

all cellular processes

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14
Q

what are the two waste products given off during the second step of cellular respiration?

A

water and carbon dioxide(CO2)

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15
Q

the CO2 released by cells as a waste product is used by…

A

plants and some unicellular organisms in photosynthesis

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16
Q

reactions in the mitochondria convert _______ and small molecules into ______ , ______, and _________

A

oxygen; ATP; water; carbon dioxide

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17
Q

can be classified as usable energy

A

ATP

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18
Q

cellular respiration continues in the _____ after glycolysis

A

mitochondria

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19
Q

cellular respiration continues in the mitochondria after _______

A

glycolysis

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20
Q

during the first step of cellular respiration or _______, glucose is broken down into _______.

A

glycolysis; smaller molecules

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21
Q

smaller molecules and oxygen is absorbed by a _______.

A

mitochondrion

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22
Q

after being absorbed by the mitochondrion, smaller molecules and oxygen are turned into…

A

ATP (energy), water (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2)

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23
Q

the products of glycolysis are used in….

A

step 2 of cellular respiration

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24
Q

when your cells don’t have enough oxygen to make ATP through cellular respiration, ATP is obtained through…

A

fermentation

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25
Q

oxygen is not require in which process?

A

fermentation

26
Q

a reaction that eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells can use to obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low

A

fermentation

27
Q

because no oxygen is used, fermentation makes _____ ATP than cellular respiration

A

less

28
Q

fermentation occurs in the…

A

cytoplasm

29
Q

how types of fermentation are there?

A

two

30
Q

what are two types of fermentation?

A

lactic-acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation

31
Q

lactic-acid fermentation occurs when…

A

glucose is converted into ATP and a waste product called lactic acid

32
Q

some bacteria and fungi help produce cheese, yogurt, and sour cream using…

A

lactic-acid fermentation

33
Q

muscle cells in humans and other animals can use lactic-acid fermentation and obtain energy during…

A

exercise

34
Q

alcohol fermentation produces…

A

an alcohol called ethanol and CO2

35
Q

some types of bread are made using yeast. The dough rises through…

A

CO2 produced by yeast during alcohol fermentation

36
Q

what are the waste products of lactic-acid fermentation?

A

ATP (energy) and lactic acid

37
Q

what are the waste products of alcohol fermentation?

A

ATP (energy), carbon dioxide (CO2), and alcohol

38
Q

when cells do not have enough _______ to make ________ through cellular respiration, they use a process called ______

A

oxygen; ATP; fermentation

39
Q

because no ________ is used, less _____ is produced than in _________

A

oxygen; ATP; cellular respiration

40
Q

Plants and some unicellular organisms obtain energy from…

A

light

41
Q

a series of chemical reactions that convert light energy, water, and CO2 into the food-energy molecule glucose and give off oxygen

A

photosynthesis

42
Q

the second step during cellular respiration are…

A

chemical reations

43
Q

photosynthesis requires…

A

light

44
Q

In plants, pigments absorb…

A

light energy

45
Q

when chlorophyll absorbs light, it is absorbs all colors except…

A

green

46
Q

chlorophyll ________ green light

A

reflects

47
Q

ALL leaves are the color green because…

A

green light is reflected

48
Q

plants can be many colors because of…

A

pigments besides chlorophyll which reflect different colors

49
Q

a leaves’ color depends on…

A

what colors are reflected by its’ pigments

50
Q

chlorophyll is a…

A

pigment

51
Q

the light absorbed by pigments powers…

A

the chemical reactions of photosynthesis

52
Q

where chemical reactions during photosynthesis occur

A

chloroplasts

53
Q

the organelles in plant cells that CONVERT light energy to chemical energy in food

A

chloroplasts

54
Q

during photosynthesis, light energy, water, and carbon dioxide combine and make…

A

sugars

55
Q

besides sugars, photosynthesis produces ______ which is released into the atmosphere

A

oxygen

56
Q

in Greek what does “photo” mean?

A

light

57
Q

in Greek what does “synthesis” mean?

A

composition

58
Q

photosynthesis USES…

A

light energy and CO2

59
Q

photosynthesis PRODUCES…

A

food energy and releases oxygen

60
Q

the food energy produced during photosynthesis is stored…

A

in the form of glucose

61
Q

when an organism eats plant material it takes in…

A

food energy

62
Q

when an organism obtains food energy by eating plant material it transfers the food energy into usable energy (ATP) through…

A

cellular respiration

Science Class_6th Grade (17 decks)

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