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Science Class_6th Grade > The Cell_Lesson 10.2 > Flashcards

The Cell_Lesson 10.2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Living things are made up of…

A

one or more cells

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2
Q

The size and shape of a cell relates to…

A

Its job or function

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3
Q

A nerve cell’s projections allow it to…

A

send signals over long distances

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4
Q

Disk-shaped red blood cells carry…

A

Oxygen and travel through small blood vessels

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5
Q

Tube-like plant xylem cells are hollow and…

A

Carry water and dissolved substances

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6
Q

Every cell is surrounded by a protective covering called a…

A

Cell membrane

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7
Q

A flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside a cell

A

Cell membrane

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8
Q

Cell membranes are mostly made up of what two macromolecules?

A

Proteins and a type of lipid called a phospholipids

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9
Q

Phospholipids are categorized under what macromolecule?

A

Lipids

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10
Q

Act as a HIGHLY selective barrier between the external environment and the inside of the cell

A

Cell membrane

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11
Q

A stiff structure outside the cell membrane

A

Cell wall

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12
Q

The cell wall is composed of mostly what?

A

Carbohydrates, such as cellulose

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13
Q

Cellulose is categorized under what macromolecule?

A

Carbohydrates

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14
Q

A cell wall protects a cell from…

A

Attack by viruses and other harmful organisms

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15
Q

In some plant and fungal cells, a cell wall helps maintain the cell’s…

A

Shape and gives structural support

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16
Q

Act as a NON-selective barrier between the external environment and the inside of the cell

A

Cell wall

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17
Q

Cells appendages are often used for…

A

Movement

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18
Q

Long, tail-like appendages that whip back and forth and move a cell.

A

Flagella

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19
Q

Short, hair-like structures

A

Cilia

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20
Q

Arms, legs, claws, and antennae are types of…

A

Appendages

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21
Q

Flagella and cilia are types of…

A

Cell appendages

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22
Q

Can move a cell or move molecules away from a cell

A

Cell appendages

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23
Q

Moves harmful substances away from your lungs

A

Cilia

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24
Q

Most of the water in a cell is in…

A

The cytoplasm

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25
Q

A fluid inside a cell that contains salts and other molecules

A

Cytoplasm

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26
Q

A network of threadlike proteins that are joined together

A

Cytoskeleton

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27
Q

The proteins inside a cytoskeleton form a…

A

Framework inside a cell

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28
Q

The framework formed inside a cytoskeleton effects a cell by…

A

Giving a cell it’s shape and helping it move

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29
Q

Cilia and flagella are made up of the same proteins that make up the…

A

Cytoskeleton

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30
Q

The cytoskeleton can effect an animal cell by…

A

Maintaining the shape of the animal cell

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31
Q

The center of a nucleus is called the…

A

Nucleolus

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32
Q

The surrounding part of a nucleus is called the…

A

Nuclear envelope

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33
Q

Surrounds the center part of the Nucleus

A

Genetic Material

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34
Q

Enabled scientists to discover cells

A

Microscope

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35
Q

The genetic material in a prokaryotic cell is NOT surrounded by a…

A

Membrane

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36
Q

Most prokaryotic cells are _____ organisms

A

Unicellular

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37
Q

Organisms which are made up of prokaryotic cells are called…

A

Prokaryotes

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38
Q

Have genetic material which floats freely in the cytoplasm

A

Prokaryotic cells

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39
Q

Plants, animals, fungi, and protists are made up of…

A

Eukaryotic cells

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40
Q

Organisms made up of eukaryotic cells are called…

A

Eukaryotes

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41
Q

Each eukaryotic cell has genetic material that IS surrounded by a…

A

Membrane

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42
Q

Each prokaryotic cell has it’s genetic material…

A

Floating freely in the cytoplasm

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43
Q

Each eukaryotic cell has it’s genetic material…

A

Surrounded by a membrane

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44
Q

Organelles are contained in which type of cell?

A

Eukaryotic cells

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45
Q

Eukaryotic cell structures which with specific functions

A

Organelle

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46
Q

Most organelles are surrounded by a…

A

Membrane

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47
Q

Eukaryotic cells are typically larger than…

A

Prokaryotic cells

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48
Q

Prokaryotic cells are typically larger than…

A

Eukaryotes cells

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49
Q

Around __ prokaryotic cells could fit into one eukaryotic cell

A

10

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50
Q

Around 10 _____ cells could fit into one_______ cell

A

Prokaryotic; Eukaryotic

51
Q

Do prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells contain more parts?

A

Eukaryotic

52
Q

Kingdoms made up of eukaryotic cells include…

A

Plants, animals, fungi, and some protists

53
Q

Plants, animals, fungi, and some protists are made up of…

A

Eukaryotic cells

54
Q

Enable cells to carry out different functions at the same time

A

Organelles

55
Q

Cells can obtain energy from food, store information, make macromolecules, and get rid of waste materials at the same timed because…

A

Different organelles perform different tasks

56
Q

Largest organelle inside most eukaryotic cells

A

Nucleus

57
Q

The part of a eukaryotic cell that directs cell activities and contains genetic information stored in DNA

A

Nucleus

58
Q

DNA is organized into structures called…

A

Chromosomes

59
Q

The number of these changes for different species of organisms

A

Chromosomes

60
Q

Often seen as a large dark spot in the nucleus of a cell

A

Nucleolus

61
Q

Makes ribosomes in the nucleus

A

Nucleolus

62
Q

Organelles that are involved in the production of proteins

A

Ribosomes

63
Q

Surrounds the nucleus and contains many pores

A

Nuclear envelope

64
Q

Directs cell activity and is surrounded by a membrane

A

Nucleus

65
Q

Certain _____ move through the nuclear envelope’s pores

A

Molecules

66
Q

Proteins are made on…

A

Ribosomes

67
Q

Unlike other cell organelles, a _____ is not surrounded by a membrane

A

Ribosome

68
Q

Located in a cell’s cytoplasm

A

Ribosomes

69
Q

Can be attached to a web-like organelle called the endoplasmic reticulum

A

Ribosomes

70
Q

ER is an abbreviation of the…

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

71
Q

Spreads throughout most of the cytoplasm

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

72
Q

ER with ribosomes on its surface is called…

A

Rough ER

73
Q

The site of protein production

A

Rough ER

74
Q

ER without ribosomes on its surface is called…

A

Smooth ER

75
Q

Which ER makes lipids such as cholesterol?

A

Smooth ER

76
Q

Which ER helps remove harmful substances from a cell?

A

Smooth ER

77
Q

All living things require _____ to survive

A

Energy

78
Q

One function of specialized organelles is to process…

A

Energy

79
Q

Made of many folded membranes

A

Endoplasmic reticulum (en duh PLAZ mihk * rih TIHK yuh lum)

80
Q

Provide a cell with usable energy

A

Mitochondria

81
Q

Like the nucleus, a ______ is surrounded by two membranes

A

Mitochondrion

82
Q

During chemical reactions that occur in mitochondria, ______ is released

A

Energy

83
Q

Energy released during chemical reactions which occur in the mitochondria are stored in high-energy molecules called…

A

ATP

84
Q

ATP is short for…

A

Adenosine triphosphate (uh DEN uh seen *tri FAHS) fayt

85
Q

ATP is the fuel for…

A

Cellular processes

86
Q

Growth, cell division, and material transport are examples of…

A

Cellular processes

87
Q

Chloroplasts can contained in…

A

Plant cells and some protists- such as algae

88
Q

Membrane-bound organelles that use light energy and make food- a sugar called glucose- from water and carbon dioxide in a process known as photosynthesis

A

Chloroplasts

89
Q

Chloroplasts create food- a sugar called glucose- from …

A

Water and carbon dioxide

90
Q

Chloroplasts use water and carbon dioxide to create food- a sugar called glucose- in a process known as…

A

Photosynthesis

91
Q

Glucose contains…

A

Stored chemical energy

92
Q

Stored chemical energy can be release when…

A

A cell needs it

93
Q

Contain chloroplasts that use light energy and make food

A

Plant cells

94
Q

Packages materials into vesicles

A

Golgi apparatus

95
Q

Near the ER is an organelle which looks like a stack of pancakes called the…

A

Golgi apparatus

96
Q

Prepares proteins for their specific jobs or functions

A

Golgi apparatus

97
Q

The Golgi apparatus packages prepared proteins into tiny, membrane-bound, ball-like structures called…

A

Vesicles

98
Q

Organelles that transport substances from one area of a cell to another

A

Vesicles

99
Q

Some vesicles in animal cells are called…

A

Lysosomes

100
Q

Contain substances that help break down and recycle cellular components

A

Lysosomes

101
Q

Some cells contain saclike structures called…

A

Vacuoles (VAK yuh wohlz)

102
Q

Organelles that store food, water, and waste material

A

Vacuoles (VAK yuh wohlz)

103
Q

A typical plant cell usually has one large ____ that stores water and other substances

A

Vacuole (VAK yuh wohlz)

104
Q

Most animal cells have many different ____

A

Vacuoles (VAK yuh wohlz)

105
Q

Is the nucleus contained in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

A

Both

106
Q

Are ribosomes contained in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

A

Both

107
Q

Is the endoplasmic reticulum contained in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

A

Both

108
Q

Are mitochondrion contained in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

A

Both

109
Q

Are chloroplasts contained in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

A

Plant

110
Q

Is the Golgi apparatus contained in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

A

Both

111
Q

Are vesicles contained in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

A

Both

112
Q

Are central vacuoles contained in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

A

Plant

113
Q

Are lysosome contained in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

A

Both

114
Q

Executes photosynthesis

A

Chloroplast

115
Q

An individual vacuole in a plant cell is called a…

A

Central vacuole

116
Q

Which cell structure could be called the packaging center of the cell?

A

Golgi apparatus

117
Q

Your body is protected by multiple layers of skin cells. What shape would expect a cell on the outer layer of skin to have?

A

A flat shape

118
Q

Why would you expect a cell on the outer layer of skin to have a flat shape?

A

Because it layers more efficiently

119
Q

Stores energy for the cell in the form ATP

A

Mitochondrion

120
Q

Cell shape relates to…

A

The function the cell performs

121
Q

Rosa uses a microscope to look at a GROUP of cells. She sees that the cells are joined together, so she knows that they are from one organism. She also sees that all of them have cell walls. Rosa could be looking at…

A

Mushroom cells

122
Q

Rosa uses a microscope to look at a GROUP of cells. She sees that the cells are joined together, so she knows that they are from one organism. She also sees that all of them have cell walls. Could Rosa be looking at mushroom cells?

A

Yes; It is not unicellular and contains cell walls

123
Q

A blood cell is able to carry oxygen and travel through small blood vessels because of it’s

A

Small size and disk shape

124
Q

A cell wall maintains…

A

the shape of plant cells

Science Class_6th Grade (17 decks)

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