Viruses - Skildum Flashcards
What is a virus?
Mobile genetic elements that can transmit genetic information from one cell to another.
All viruses contain…
protein and nucleic acid protected by protein coat
Some viruses have a _________ that is embedded with glycoproteins.
lipid envelope
Viral Replication Cycle:
Attachment –> Penetration –> Uncoating –> Replicating proteins and nucleic acids –> Assembly –> Release
How do antiviral therapies work?
They are aimed at disrupting the replication cycle of the virus by having a higher affinity for the viral enzyme than the host enzyme.
How do some viruses cause cancer?
Viral oncogenes mimic and interact with the host cell’s normal replication machinery to promote uncontrolled cellular proliferation.
If the BCL-2/Bax ratio is low, then the cell wants to…
Die. Bid/Bax complexes will form to promote apoptosis.
Molecular basis for X-linked lymphoproliferative disease
SAP protein binds to a protein that mediates B and T cell interactions. Associated with mutations in XIAP.
Raltegrovir Mechanism
Anti-retroviral that inhibits entry and catalytic activity of HIV integrase
Ritonavir Mechanism
Anti-retroviral HIV protease inhibitor
Maraviroc Mechanism
Anti-retroviral Chemokine receptor 5 antagonist and HIV entry inhibitor
Zidovudine (AZT) Mechanism
Anti-retroviral Thymidine Analog (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor) that also block RT at active site
Efavirenz Mechanism
Anti-retroviral non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that binds RT far from the active site.
