viruses new and old to page 70

Question 1

What is the other name for measles?

Answer 1

Rubeola (not rubella!)

Question 2

what is probably the most communicable human disease known?

Answer 2

Measles

Question 3

how big is the iceburg effect for measles/rubeola?

Answer 3

there isn’t one, 100% non immune people would get it w/o immunization

Question 4

what virus type causes measles?

Answer 4

paramyxovirus, just like mumps

Question 5

describe the measles virus.

Answer 5

enveloped, negative ssRNA virus

Question 6

how is measles spread?

Answer 6

enveloped so respiratory droblets, it infects respiratory tract and local lymphatics

Question 7

what causes the measles rash?

Answer 7

T cytotoxic cells targed infected endothelial cells of capillaries and cause the rash.

Question 8

what is measles known for?

Answer 8

its ability to cause cell fusiong and pass directly from cell to cell to avoid antibodies.

Question 9

what is the mortality of measles for a healthy person?

Answer 9

similary to the flu, 1 /1000

Question 10

what causes death by measles?

Answer 10

viral caused encephalitis , or by secondary bacterial pneumonia

Question 11

why does measles kill poor people more?

Answer 11

immunosupression with povertion induced immunosupression multiplies

Question 12

describe the mumps virus

Answer 12

paramyxovirus, enveloped -ssRNA virus.

Question 13

is there an iceburg effect with mumbs?

Answer 13

yes, there is signifigant number, around 25% who show no symptoms.

Question 14

symptoms of mumps?

Answer 14

parotitis, painfull swelling of salivary glands, and sometimes other glands like the testicular ducts.

Question 15

Rubella is what?

Answer 15

similary to measles, but is less infectious

Question 16

why do we worry about rubella?

Answer 16

because it can cause birth defects in unborn babies (25%) if their mother gets it in the first trimester.

Question 17

describe the rubella virus

Answer 17

enveloped +ssRNA togavirus

Question 18

how is rebella spread?

Answer 18

respiratory droplets like meales and mumps

Question 19

Explain the MMR vaccine

Answer 19

live attenuated combined vaccine given between 12-14 months and a booster before school

Question 20

of the three, mmr, what is most signifigant?

Answer 20

measles causing about 200,000 deaths anually.

Question 21

is it possible to eradicate measles mumps and rubella?

Answer 21

yes because they only infect humans.

Question 22

how many must have measles vaccine to cause heard immunity?

Answer 22

92-94%, it?s a really high requirement because its so contagious.

Question 23

how many serotypes for measles?

Answer 23

only 1 so you get life long immunity.

Question 24

how many died of mmr before vaccine?

Answer 24

7-8 million a year died., now only about 200,000 die yearly

Question 25

what happens if mom is infected with mumps the first ime while pregnant?

Answer 25

if it happens in first trimester 25% of fetuss will abort.

Question 26

who are people infected with rubella a danger to?

Answer 26

unborn babies.

Question 27

what is respiratory syntial virus? RSC

Answer 27

common early childhood disease, because we have poor immune memory of it its also a serious problem for elderly.

Question 28

describe respiraty syncytial virus

Answer 28

paramyxovirus, -ssRNA

Question 29

is there a vaccine for RSV?

Answer 29

nope, its still spread by respiratoy droplets.

Question 30

symptoms of RSV?

Answer 30

75% upper respiratory like a severe cold, 25% lower respiratory causes wheezing and 2-5% are hospitalized.

Question 31

what can make RSV more likely to occur?

Answer 31

smoking, 2nd hand smoke and cystic fibrosis kids who die from this.

Question 32

zoonosis

Answer 32

disease that normally exhists in other animals but can also infect humans.

Question 33

reservior

Answer 33

normal host required for microbe exhistance

Question 34

vector

Answer 34

what transfers microbe, animals insects and fomite

Question 35

accidental host

Answer 35

not requried for microbes exhistance, can be the dead end host because pathology can be really severe.