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Microbiology II > Polio > Flashcards

Polio Flashcards

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1
Q

Polio

What is the antibody that we make the most?

A

IgA because it protects our mucosal surfaces

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2
Q

Polio

what is the most common site for microbial infections?

A

mucosal surfaces, thank goodness for IgA

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3
Q

Polio

What is the structure of IgA?

A

Dimers the two y shapes tail to tail

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4
Q

Polio

Ag IgA at one mucosal sight results In what?

A

antibody production at all mucosal sites

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5
Q

Polio

what picks up the dimeric IgA

A

Poly -Ig Fc receptors on tissue surface of submucosal epitheliam

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6
Q

Polio

What helps protect secreatory IgA dimers from proteases at mucosal surfaces?

A

secretory component - the gets this inside epithelial cell -clinging part of Fc receptor

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7
Q

Polio

What can IgA do?

A

neutralize toxis and viruses at mucosal surfaces - block colinization- decrease unwanted immune respones -

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8
Q

Polio

Oral tolerance

A

mechanisms that prevent any destructive immune reactions to our food but still protect us from pathogens

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9
Q

Polio

How does IgA prevent getting expelled by body?

A

it sticks to mucus that lines epithelial walls

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10
Q

Polio

IgA major points 4

A

stick to mucine, resistant to proteases, neutrlize viruses/toxins, block colinization of microbes

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11
Q

Polio

Path to get and IgA?

A

Antigen gets ingested by immune tissue - tissue expresses MHC II, CD 4 is turned to Th3, for food type allergens making B cells, b cells clone, secreate IgA, they get inside eithelial cells and then get a secretory component to help them resist proteases. extreated to surface and stick to mucin

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12
Q

Polio

what is immeciately beneath all mucosal surfaces?

A

organzed secondary lymphoid tissue ie, MALT pyers patch, BALT, GALT etc.

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13
Q

Polio

What are the two used polio vaccines

A

SALK, and Sabin

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14
Q

Polio

Which polio vaccine is a dead virus

A

Salk

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15
Q

Polio

What type of vaccine is Sabin

A

attenuated live vaccine

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16
Q

Polio

What is Salk good at?

A

Making IgG

17
Q

Polio

what is Sabin good at?

A

Making IgG and IgA both nasal and duodenal

18
Q

Polio

what type of virus is Polio?

A

non-enveloped, + strand RNA, enterovirus, neurotropic

19
Q

Polio

How is polio spread?

A

fecal contamination of food and water

20
Q

Polio

Polio is neurotropic, what does that mean?

A

can cause CAN infection and paralysis when it becomes systemic

21
Q

Polio

where does poli replicate?

A

Oropharynx and GI mucosa

22
Q

Polio

what makes Sabin a bit more effective?

A

It?s a live virus, people who are vaccinated are contangious so can help infect others and thus vaccinate them.

23
Q

Polio

What makes sabin a bit more dangerous?

A

it can cause polio.

24
Q

Polio

how many polio cases in 1955?

A

20,000 a year

25
Q

Polio

why is Salk a bit less effective?

A

You can be infected with polio but the vaccine will prevent viremia so you won’t become paralysed, it doesn’t prevent you from spreading the virus so you can still infect other people

26
Q

Polio

what is the bystanted effect of Sabin?

A

where the vaccine in infectous so you can vaccinate family members if they are near you and catch it.

27
Q

Polio

How does Sabin work?

A

stops infection before it even starts with IgA

28
Q

Polio

What does salk protect against?

A

It doesn’t stop infection, it stops viremia

29
Q

Polio

Is polio hardy?

A

yes, its non enveloped

30
Q

Polio

Primary infection site of polio?

A

GI tract

31
Q

Polio

Path of polio infection

A

mouth entry, GI tract, blood, spreat along nerves, destroy motor neurons in spinalcord

32
Q

Polio

What % of people infected with polio are asymptomatic?

A

95% - huge iceburg effect

33
Q

Polio

What % of infected people only have very minor Non CNS illness?

A

about 4%

34
Q

Polio

What % of infected people get non paralytic aseptic meningitis?

A

About 1%

35
Q

Polio

What % of infected people get paralytic polio?

A

about .5 %

36
Q

Polio

why is it almost bad for public health reasons that polio is less obvious?

A

Because most cases are infectious but show no symptoms, so they don’t know where to stop it.

37
Q

Polio

Reservior for polio?

A

Humans only - only when a virus only infects humans is it possible to eradicate

38
Q

Polio

What vaccine is used in US?

A

SALK

39
Q

Polio

Lask case of polio in US

A

1981

Microbiology II (8 decks)

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