Herpes

Question 1

What are the characteristics of the herpes virus?

Answer 1

enveloped, dsDNA, latent tendency

Question 2

What does HHV stand for?

Answer 2

Human herpes virus

Question 3

How many know human herpes viruses?

Answer 3

eight

Question 4

Where does herpes virus replicate?

Answer 4

in the nucleus, which you would expect from a DNA virus

Question 5

How does herpes ususally spread?

Answer 5

mucosal mucosal contact

Question 6

What herpes virus is not spread mucosal to mucosal but by respiratory droplets?

Answer 6

Varicella/Zoster, chicken pocs

Question 7

Who does the normal herpes virus infect?

Answer 7

Normal childhood disease, symptoms get worse as an adult.

Question 8

What is signifigant about the large dsDNA genome of herpes?

Answer 8

there are lots of targets for antivirals.

Question 9

where does herpes remain while it is latent?

Answer 9

Neurons, Monocytes, lymphocytes, macrophages

Question 10

Where is the initial herpes viral infection?

Answer 10

mucosal epithelium

Question 11

What is unique about herpes viral assembly?

Answer 11

they are fully assembled, with envelope even before they reach membrane, they arent using host membrane

Question 12

Herpes simplex virus 1/HHV-1 is what?

Answer 12

cold sore, oral ulcers, 67%

Question 13

Herpes simplex virus 2/HHV-2

Answer 13

genital herpes, 25%

Question 14

HHV-3 is what?

Answer 14

Varicella-Zoster virus that causes chickenpox and shingles 100%

Question 15

Epstein-Barr virus, HHV-4 is latent where?

Answer 15

B-cells,

Question 16

Epstein Barr virus causes what?

Answer 16

infectious mono and burkitt’s lymphoma, an oral cancer

Question 17

Where are HHV 1, 2, and 3 latent?

Answer 17

neurons

Question 18

HHV-5 is what?

Answer 18

cytomegalovirus

Question 19

HHV-5 cytomegalovirus is latent where and causes what ?

Answer 19

Lympho and monocytes, its causes congenital infections,

Question 20

When is HHV-5 cytomegalovirus dangerous to pregnant women?

Answer 20

When they contract it for the first time when pregnant, 50% of the population is infection.

Question 21

What does HHV 6 and 7 cause?

Answer 21

Roseola infantum at about 6-7 months, with possible feaver

Question 22

where does HHV 6 go lantent?

Answer 22

monocyte, macrophage, tcell

Question 23

HHV 8, Kaposi sarcoma virus causes what?

Answer 23

a rare cancer in the immunocompromized called kaposi sarcoma,

Question 24

Whhere is Kaposi sarcoma virus latent?

Answer 24

Lypmhocytes

Question 25

What is the primary herpes viral infection?

Answer 25

mucosal epithelim is infected which results in release of viral particles that spreat via the blood, viremia

Question 26

What cells respond to viremia of herpes?

Answer 26

Th, Tc, and b cells and NK cells.

Question 27

What is the secondary herpes infection?

Answer 27

the one that begins when latent virus becomes reactivated, this infection remains local due to memory cells

Question 28

What causes the herpes pathology, ie coldsore?

Answer 28

direct viral damage and Tc cells killing or damaging cells.

Question 29

What is the most common cause of viral encephalitis in the USA?

Answer 29

HSV-1

Question 30

What is the leading infectious cause of blindness in the USA?

Answer 30

HSV-1 keratitis., cause for corneal transplantation.

Question 31

Where is HSV-1 and cheicnpocks latent?

Answer 31

the neuron in dorsal root ganglion

Question 32

What can increase risk of acquiring HIV during intercourse?

Answer 32

HSV-2 increases the risk 2-4 times

Question 33

What percent of HSV-1 initial infections in first 5 years of life are asymptomatic?

Answer 33

85 percent don't get the lip lesion

Question 34

How long does herpes lip leasion last, how long is it transmissable?

Answer 34

Lesion last two weeks but its transmissable for 3 weeks or so

Question 35

can HSV-1 and 2 effect fetus?

Answer 35

Yes, if primary infection is in a pregnant woman, it can effect fetus and an active genital infection during birth could transmit to baby.

Question 36

What is the primary and secondary infection of Varicella Zoster ?

Answer 36

Primary, chickenpox, secondary shingles

Question 37

What is the childhood chicknepox mortality?

Answer 37

One out of onehundredthousand

Question 38

What is the adult mortality for chickenpox?

Answer 38

one out of five-thousand

Question 39

When is chicken pox most dangerous?

Answer 39

for immunosuppresses, HIV, pregnant, transplant leukemia etc.

Question 40

Where is varicella common in adults?

Answer 40

tropical places

Question 41

What are some complications from shingles?

Answer 41

eye damage and nerualgia

Question 42

how is epstein barr virus spread?

Answer 42

saliva

Question 43

pathology of mono?

Answer 43

feaver, sore throat, swollen spleen and lymphnodes and fatigue

Question 44

what % of general population shows evidence of being infected with mono?

Answer 44

ninty-five percent

Question 45

When are EBV more likely to be associated with cancers?

Answer 45

in immunosupressed or those with malaria.

Question 46

HLTV-1 a retrovirus is linked to what?

Answer 46

T-cell leukemia

Question 47

where is mono or EBV aquired from?

Answer 47

healthy carriers

Question 48

Where do people end up with burkitts lymphoma from EVB?

Answer 48

subsahara africa probably because malnurished, supressed immune system and have other viral diseases. Cancer of B cells

Question 49

what percent of EBV exposed individuals actually get mono?

Answer 49

only thirty to fifty percent of exposed young adults get infectious mono

Question 50

Cytomegalovirs what are the symptoms?

Answer 50

it has no known sysmptoms or pathologies, except to fetus in mother exposed to virus for the first time while pregnant.

Question 51

What normall protects fetus in a woman carrier of cytomegalovirus?

Answer 51

if she had got the virus prior to pregnancy, antibodies would neutralize virus so it cant infect fetus

Question 52

what is the most comon cause of intrauterine infectines and congenital abnormalities in the USA?

Answer 52

Human cytomegalovirus, CMV

Question 53

What herpes viruses have been linked o cancer?

Answer 53

Epstein Barr virus, Kaposi sarcoma virus, Hep B and Hep C, and HPV

Question 54

Who is cytomegalovirus a danger too?

Answer 54

unborn fetus of never before infected mother and to the immunosupressed