Viruses/Immune system

Question 1

Capsid

Answer 1

Protein coat

Question 2

Obligate parasites

Answer 2

Can only multiply inside living cells

Question 3

Immunity

Answer 3

The ability of an organism to resist infection

Question 4

Pathogens

Answer 4

Microorganisms that cause disease

Question 5

General defence system

Answer 5

Acts as a barrier to all pathogens attempting to gain entry to the human body

Question 6

Specific defence system

Answer 6

Attacks specific pathogens

Question 7

General defence system consists of:

Answer 7

Skin, mucous membranes (nose), platelets and white blood cells (phagocytes, macrophages)

Question 8

Specific Defence system involves:

Answer 8

Antibody response, involving specialised white blood cells called lymphocytes and monocytes (macrophages)

Question 9

Antigen

Answer 9

Any foreign molecules capable of triggering an antibody response

Question 10

Antibody

Answer 10

A protein, made by a lymphocyte, which sticks to an antigen and marks it for destruction by other defence cells (monocytes)

Question 11

Active immunity

Answer 11

Involves the production of a person’s own antibodies in response to foreign antigens that enter the body

Question 12

Natural active immunity

Answer 12

Occurs when a pathogen enters the body in a normal way e.g,. After infection (body makes antibodies)

Question 13

Artificial active immunity

Answer 13

Occurs when a pathogen is medically introduced into the body

Question 14

Vaccine

Answer 14

Non disease causing dose of a pathogen

Question 15

Vaccination

Answer 15

The administration of a non disease causing dose of a pathogen (usually by injection) to stimulate antibodies

Question 16

Immunisation

Answer 16

Occurs when we produce or are injected with antibodies against a pathogen

Question 17

Passive immunity

Answer 17

Occurs when individuals are given antibodies that were formed by another organism

Question 18

Natural passive immunity

Answer 18

Occurs when a child gets antibodies from its mother

Question 19

Artificial passive immunity

Answer 19

Occurs when a person is given an injection containing antibodies made by another organism

Question 20

B cells

Answer 20

Produce antibodies

Question 21

Memory B cells

Answer 21

Survive for years after the infection is eliminated and can make the specific antibody if the same infection later enters the body

Question 22

Helper T cells

Answer 22

Recognise antigens and stimulate the production of B cells

Question 23

Killer T cells

Answer 23

Attack cells (perforin) containing a foreign antigen

Question 24

Suppressor T cells

Answer 24

Stop immune responses

Question 25

Memory T cells

Answer 25

Memories the immunity