Genetics / Genetic Crosses

Question 1

Heredity

Answer 1

The passing of features from parents to offspring

Question 2

Allele

Answer 2

A version of a gene

Question 3

Homozygous

Answer 3

When identical alleles are present for a trait

Question 4

Phenotype

Answer 4

The physical expression of a gene

Question 5

Genotype

Answer 5

The genes an organism possesses

Question 6

Gene expression

Answer 6

The way in which the genetic information in a gene is decoded in the cell and used to make a protein

Question 7

Heterozygous

Answer 7

Different alleles for both traits

Question 8

Locus

Answer 8

The location of a gene on a chromosome

Question 9

Sex linkage

Answer 9

Characteristics is controlled by a gene on the X chromosome

Question 10

Gametes

Answer 10

Haploid cells that are capable of fusion

Question 11

Fertilisation

Answer 11

The union of two gametes for form a single cell called a zygote

Question 12

Dominant

Answer 12

Means the allele that prevents the recessive allele from being expressed

Question 13

Recessive

Answer 13

Means the allele is prevented from being expressed by a dominant allele

Question 14

Progeny

Answer 14

Refers to offspring that are produced

Question 15

Pedigree

Answer 15

A diagram showing the genetic history of a group of related individuals

Question 16

Monohybrid cross

Answer 16

Involves the study of a single characteristic

Question 17

Dihybrid cross

Answer 17

Involves the study of two characteristics

Question 18

Linkage

Answer 18

Genes are located on the same chromosome

Question 19

Law of segregation

Answer 19

Traits are controlled by pairs of factors, which separate at gamete formation

Question 20

Law of independent assortment

Answer 20

When gametes are formed either pair of alleles is equally likely to combine with either of another pair of alleles