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Biology > DNA/RNA > Flashcards

DNA/RNA Flashcards

1
Q

Gene

A

A section of DNA that causes the production of a protein

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2
Q

Gene Expression

A

The way in which the genetic information in a gene is decoded in the cell and used to make a protein

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3
Q

Chromosome

A

Made of DNA and protein (60% protein and 40% DNA)

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4
Q

How many chromosomes are in each cell ?

A

46

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5
Q

Heredity

A

The passing on of features from parents to offspring by means of genes

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6
Q

Non - Coding DNA

A

Does not cause the production of a protein (also called junk DNA)

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7
Q

Non - nuclear DNA examples

A

Ribosomes/chloroplast

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8
Q

Characteristics

A

Traits or features that are inherited genetically

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9
Q

4 bases of DNA

A

Adenine (A), Thymine (T) , Guanine (G), Cytosine (C)

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10
Q

Genetic Code

A

The sequence of bases in DNA that provide the instruction for a cell (using RNA) to form a protein

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11
Q

Triplet/Codon

A

A sequence of three bases in DNA/RNA that act as a code for an amino acid

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12
Q

Acronym for Bases of DNA

A

Always Try Good Crackers

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13
Q

Acronym for bases of RNA

A

Act Understandable Good Crackers

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14
Q

Who came up with the structure of DNA

A

Watson and Crick

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15
Q

Purine bases

A

Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)
The Attorney General is Pure

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16
Q

Pyrimidine bases

A

Thymine (T) and Cytosine (C)
Both have the letter y

17
Q

3 Types of RNA

A

mRNA (messenger)
tRNA (transfer)
rRNA (ribosomal)

18
Q

DNA Profile/DNA genetic fingerprint

A

A method of making a unique pattern of bands from the DNA of a person, which can be used to compare with the DNA profile of another person

19
Q

Forensic Medicine

A

The way in which medical knowledge is used in legal situations

20
Q

Transcription

A

The copying of a sequence of genetic bases from DNA onto messenger RNA (mRNA)

21
Q

Translation

A

The conversion of a sequence of genetic bases on messenger RNA into a sequence of amino acids

22
Q

Genetic Screening

A

Testing DNA for the presence or absence of a particular gene or a altered gene

23
Q

Carriers

A

People who carry defective genes, without having the disorder themselves

24
Q

Nucleotides structure

A

Phosphate, Sugar, Base

25
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

Neither allele is dominant or recessive with respect to each other. Both are equally expressed in the heterozygous genotype to produce an intermediate phenotype

Biology (34 decks)

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