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Immunology II > Virus Families > Flashcards

Virus Families Flashcards

1
Q

DNA viruses

A 
Papo
Parvo
Pox
Herp
Hepa
Adeno
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2
Q

RNA viruses generally have more/less mutations than DNA viruses

A

more

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3
Q

RNA viruses usually do/do not have their own protein genes

A

do

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4
Q

viruses are considered

A

obligate intracellular parasites

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5
Q

t/f viruses can be naked or enveloped

A

true

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6
Q

life cycle of virus

A
  1. attachment
  2. entry
  3. un-coating
  4. replication
  5. assembly
  6. release
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7
Q

viral genomes can be

A

DNA or RNA

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8
Q

virion

A

whole virus

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9
Q

t/f all virions have either a capsid or nucleocapsid … which virus has both

A

true; HIV

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10
Q

envelope function

A
  • derived from host cell

- contain host proteins and virally encoded proteins

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11
Q

capsid function

A
  • protect from environmental factors
  • interact specifically with the viral nucleic acid for packaging
  • interact with host receptors to entry in the cell
  • allow for release upon entry
  • assist in gene regulation
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12
Q

capsid is protein/lipid/carbohydrate

A

protein

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13
Q

virus shapes

A

helical- rod or icosahedral-spherical

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14
Q

most viruses are RNA/DNA

A

RNA

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15
Q

most viruses are helical- rod or icosahedral-spherical

A

icosahedral-spherical

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16
Q

helical- rod virus examples

A

influenza and rabies

17
Q

genome functions

A
  • replication
  • assembly
  • replication
  • modulation of host defenses
18
Q

what is not contained in virus genomes?

A

genes that encode for

  1. protein synthesis machinery
  2. energy metabolism
  3. membrane biosynthesis
19
Q

non-enveloped viruses

A
  • found in GI
  • resistant to heat and acid
  • cell will lysis
    ex. rotavirus, norovirus
20
Q

enveloped viruses

A
  • released by budding

ex. herpesvirus

21
Q

classifications of grouping viruses

A
  • family ex. herpesvirus
  • transmission
    1. rotovirus- arthropod west nile zika
    2. blood-borne- hepatitis, HIV
    3. Respiratory- RSV, influenza
  • Site of infection- hepatitis- liver
22
Q

RNA/DNA viruses are more susceptible to antivirals with less impact on the host cell

A

RNA because they have increased viral genes for proteins for enzyme used for replication therefore more targets

23
Q

herpesviruses

A
  • ds DNA, icosahedral capsid, enveloped
  • alpha, beta, gamma
  • capacity to establish latency
  • can often lead to hepatitis
24
Q

HSV I and HSV II

A
  • contagious via contact
  • primary infection gingivostomatitis
  • secondary infection cold sores and genital sores
  • multiple other disease processes including encephalitis and hepatitis
25
Q

varicella zoster virus

A

primary infection - chickenpox
secondary infection - shingles
- can affect any dermatome but more often the thorax
- more contagious 1-2 days before it breaks out in sores

26
Q

(CMV) cytomegalovirus

A
  • often asymptomatic , can be infectious mono

- significant disease process for congenital infections

27
Q

EBV

A
  • infectious mononucleosis

- complications varied - hepatitis

28
Q

influenza A

A
  • single stranded RNA, segmented
  • orthomyxovirus
  • subtypes based on envelope hemagglutinin and neuraminidase
  • URI and pneumonia
29
Q

Viral pathogens that replicate and produce disease in the small intestine is more likely to be a non-enveloped virus because:
A. Envelope glycoproteins elicit a neutralizing antibody response
B. An envelope is more susceptible to acid conditions and thereby less likely to survive stomach acidity
C. All non-enveloped viruses are DNA viruses, and only DNA genomes can replicate in enterocytes
D. Enveloped viruses do replicate in intestinal epithelium but they are unable to induce cytotoxicity in the enterocyte

A

B. An envelope is more susceptible to acid conditions and thereby less likely to survive stomach acidity

30
Q

rotaviruses and influenza are segmented/non-segmented viruses

A

segmented

Immunology II (11 decks)

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