Virus Families

Question 1

DNA viruses

Answer 1

Papo
Parvo
Pox
Herp
Hepa
Adeno

Question 2

RNA viruses generally have more/less mutations than DNA viruses

Answer 2

more

Question 3

RNA viruses usually do/do not have their own protein genes

Answer 3

do

Question 4

viruses are considered

Answer 4

obligate intracellular parasites

Question 5

t/f viruses can be naked or enveloped

Answer 5

true

Question 6

life cycle of virus

Answer 6

1. attachment
2. entry
3. un-coating
4. replication
5. assembly
6. release

Question 7

viral genomes can be

Answer 7

DNA or RNA

Question 8

virion

Answer 8

whole virus

Question 9

t/f all virions have either a capsid or nucleocapsid … which virus has both

Answer 9

true; HIV

Question 10

envelope function

Answer 10

• derived from host cell

- contain host proteins and virally encoded proteins

Question 11

capsid function

Answer 11

• protect from environmental factors
• interact specifically with the viral nucleic acid for packaging
• interact with host receptors to entry in the cell
• allow for release upon entry
• assist in gene regulation

Question 12

capsid is protein/lipid/carbohydrate

Answer 12

protein

Question 13

virus shapes

Answer 13

helical- rod or icosahedral-spherical

Question 14

most viruses are RNA/DNA

Answer 14

RNA

Question 15

most viruses are helical- rod or icosahedral-spherical

Answer 15

icosahedral-spherical

Question 16

helical- rod virus examples

Answer 16

influenza and rabies

Question 17

genome functions

Answer 17

• replication
• assembly
• replication
• modulation of host defenses

Question 18

what is not contained in virus genomes?

Answer 18

genes that encode for

1. protein synthesis machinery
2. energy metabolism
3. membrane biosynthesis

Question 19

non-enveloped viruses

Answer 19

• found in GI
• resistant to heat and acid
• cell will lysis
  ex. rotavirus, norovirus

Question 20

enveloped viruses

Answer 20

• released by budding

ex. herpesvirus

Question 21

classifications of grouping viruses

Answer 21

• family ex. herpesvirus
• transmission
  1. rotovirus- arthropod west nile zika
  2. blood-borne- hepatitis, HIV
  3. Respiratory- RSV, influenza
• Site of infection- hepatitis- liver

Question 22

RNA/DNA viruses are more susceptible to antivirals with less impact on the host cell

Answer 22

RNA because they have increased viral genes for proteins for enzyme used for replication therefore more targets

Question 23

herpesviruses

Answer 23

• ds DNA, icosahedral capsid, enveloped
• alpha, beta, gamma
• capacity to establish latency
• can often lead to hepatitis

Question 24

HSV I and HSV II

Answer 24

• contagious via contact
• primary infection gingivostomatitis
• secondary infection cold sores and genital sores
• multiple other disease processes including encephalitis and hepatitis

Question 25

varicella zoster virus

Answer 25

primary infection - chickenpox secondary infection - shingles - can affect any dermatome but more often the thorax - more contagious 1-2 days before it breaks out in sores

Question 26

(CMV) cytomegalovirus

Answer 26

- often asymptomatic , can be infectious mono | - significant disease process for congenital infections

Question 27

EBV

Answer 27

- infectious mononucleosis | - complications varied - hepatitis

Question 28

influenza A

Answer 28

- single stranded RNA, segmented - orthomyxovirus - subtypes based on envelope hemagglutinin and neuraminidase - URI and pneumonia

Question 29

Viral pathogens that replicate and produce disease in the small intestine is more likely to be a non-enveloped virus because: A. Envelope glycoproteins elicit a neutralizing antibody response B. An envelope is more susceptible to acid conditions and thereby less likely to survive stomach acidity C. All non-enveloped viruses are DNA viruses, and only DNA genomes can replicate in enterocytes D. Enveloped viruses do replicate in intestinal epithelium but they are unable to induce cytotoxicity in the enterocyte

Answer 29

B. An envelope is more susceptible to acid conditions and thereby less likely to survive stomach acidity

Question 30

rotaviruses and influenza are segmented/non-segmented viruses

Answer 30

segmented