HIV I/II Flashcards
HIV transmission in utero/during delivery is greater
during delivery
HIV does/does not have clinical latency does/does not have virological latency
does; does not
clinical AIDS
result of HIV-induced loss of pathogen specific immunity
p24 antigen is present
2 weeks
symptoms
2-3 weeks
HIV is usually which group
group M A-H and B is most popular in USA
acute HIV
60-90% will be symptomatic
similar to mononuclease
HIV transmission effciency by cofactor
male sexual partners
uncircumsized
past or current STI
identifying physical exam flags
- oral candidiasis
- kaposi sarcoma
- leukoplakia
- angular cheilitis
- seborrheic dermatitis
- zoster
- herpes simplex
infections in HIV + individuals with CD$ > 200
can occur
Tuberculosis
- common in HIV infected patients
- chest x-rays often do not show the classic upper lobe cavities (atypical presentations are common)
PPD skin tests for TB may be negative/positive as immune suppression can lead to anergy
negative
infections in AIDS < 200 CD4 + T cells count
- fungi
- pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP or PCP)
- candida
- cryptococcus - viral infection
- CMV
- HHV-8 - Protozoa
- toxoplasma
- cryptosporidia - bacteria
- mycobacterium avium complex
opportunistic fungi that can cause pathogenic potential in patients with HIV
- pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP or PCP)
- candida
- cryptococcus
candida
esophagitis
cryptococcus
meningitis
pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP or PCP)
- most common opportunistic infection
- almost always <200 CD4
- shortness of breath, non productive cough, fever
- o2 desaturation
- LDH is elevated
- diffuse infiltrates seen on chest x-ray
opportunistic viruses that can cause pathogenic potential in patients with HIV
- CMV
- HHV-8
CMV
- retinitis
- herpesvirus family
- very low CD4 < 50 cells
HHV-8
kaposi’s sarcoma
opportunistic protozoa that can cause pathogenic potential in patients with HIV
- toxoplasma
- cryptosporidia
opportunistic bacteria that can cause pathogenic potential in patients with HIV
- mycobacterium avium complex
mycobacterium avium complex
- diffuse infection of multiple organs
- occurs with CD4 < 100
- fever, night sweats, diarrhea, weight loss
prevention of opportunistic infections
pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
bactrim /septra
