HIV I/II

Question 1

HIV transmission in utero/during delivery is greater

Answer 1

during delivery

Question 2

HIV does/does not have clinical latency does/does not have virological latency

Answer 2

does; does not

Question 3

clinical AIDS

Answer 3

result of HIV-induced loss of pathogen specific immunity

Question 4

p24 antigen is present

Answer 4

2 weeks

Question 5

symptoms

Answer 5

2-3 weeks

Question 6

HIV is usually which group

Answer 6

group M A-H and B is most popular in USA

Question 7

acute HIV

Answer 7

60-90% will be symptomatic

similar to mononuclease

Question 8

HIV transmission effciency by cofactor

Answer 8

male sexual partners
uncircumsized
past or current STI

Question 9

identifying physical exam flags

Answer 9

1. oral candidiasis
2. kaposi sarcoma
3. leukoplakia
4. angular cheilitis
5. seborrheic dermatitis
6. zoster
7. herpes simplex

Question 10

infections in HIV + individuals with CD$ > 200

Answer 10

can occur

Question 11

Tuberculosis

Answer 11

• common in HIV infected patients

- chest x-rays often do not show the classic upper lobe cavities (atypical presentations are common)

Question 12

PPD skin tests for TB may be negative/positive as immune suppression can lead to anergy

Answer 12

negative

Question 13

infections in AIDS < 200 CD4 + T cells count

Answer 13

1. fungi
   - pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP or PCP)
   - candida
   - cryptococcus
2. viral infection
   - CMV
   - HHV-8
3. Protozoa
   - toxoplasma
   - cryptosporidia
4. bacteria
   - mycobacterium avium complex

Question 14

opportunistic fungi that can cause pathogenic potential in patients with HIV

Answer 14

• pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP or PCP)
• candida
• cryptococcus

Question 15

candida

Answer 15

esophagitis

Question 16

cryptococcus

Answer 16

meningitis

Question 17

pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP or PCP)

Answer 17

• most common opportunistic infection
• almost always <200 CD4
• shortness of breath, non productive cough, fever
• o2 desaturation
• LDH is elevated
• diffuse infiltrates seen on chest x-ray

Question 18

opportunistic viruses that can cause pathogenic potential in patients with HIV

Answer 18

• CMV

- HHV-8

Question 19

CMV

Answer 19

• retinitis
• herpesvirus family
• very low CD4 < 50 cells

Question 20

HHV-8

Answer 20

kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 21

opportunistic protozoa that can cause pathogenic potential in patients with HIV

Answer 21

• toxoplasma

- cryptosporidia

Question 22

opportunistic bacteria that can cause pathogenic potential in patients with HIV

Answer 22

• mycobacterium avium complex

Question 23

mycobacterium avium complex

Answer 23

• diffuse infection of multiple organs
• occurs with CD4 < 100
• fever, night sweats, diarrhea, weight loss

Question 24

prevention of opportunistic infections

pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

Answer 24

bactrim /septra

Question 25

prevention of opportunistic infections

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI)

Answer 25

azithromycin (weekley dose

Question 26

CD4 < 50

Answer 26

CMV

Question 27

CD4 < 100

Answer 27

mycobacterium avium complex

Question 28

increased LDH

Answer 28

pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP or PCP)

Question 29

increased alkaline phosphatase and anemia

Answer 29

mycobacterium avium complex