Virus Extended Response

Question 1

Attachment

Answer 1

Virus attaches to bacterium by attaching its tail fibers to a specific receptor site

Question 2

Entry

Answer 2

Virus releases an enzyme to weaken cell wall of host, then injects it’s DNA

Question 3

Replication

Answer 3

Virus takes control of host cell’s protein-synthesizing mechanism, transcribing mRNA from the viral DNA

Question 4

Assembly

Answer 4

The assembly of the new virus takes place in the cytoplasm

Question 5

Release

Answer 5

The host cell is destroyed, and the new bacteriophage are released

Question 6

The steps of the lysogenic cycle

Answer 6

1. Attachment
2. Entry
3. Integration
4. Cell mutation

Question 7

Integration

Answer 7

The bacteriophage integrates itself into the host cell’s DNA

Question 8

Cell mutation

Answer 8

The virus is replicated whenever the host bacterium’s DNA is replicated. Each bacterial offspring is injected with a prophage. The Prophage doesn’t harm the host cell, but radiation or certain chemicals can cause the prophage to become virulent, entering the lytic cycle

Question 9

Identify the parts of a bacteriophage

Answer 9

• Icosahedral head
• Contractile tail
• Tail fibers

Question 10

Contrast viruses and living organisms in detail

Answer 10

1. Viruses cannot reproduce on their own, they must infect other organisms and use their structures
2. Viruses do not grow
3. They don’t carry out metabolic activity
4. They don’t have cytoplasm or organelles
5. They do not maintain homeostasis

Question 11

The steps of the lytic cycle

Answer 11

1. Attachment
2. Entry
3. Replication
4. Assembly
5. Release

Question 12

The transmission in viruses

Answer 12

Blood
Air
Animal bites
Direct contact
Other bodily fluid

Question 13

Explain what emerging viruses are

Answer 13

Emerging viruses are infectious diseases that are newly recognized, that have spread to new areas or a new host, or have reemerged after being under control