Ecology Part 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

Attempts to show key growth characteristics of real populations, these characteristics include: immigration, emigration, birth rate, death rate

A

Population model

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1
Q

A group or organisms of the same species that live together in one place at one time

A

Population

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2
Q

The movement of individuals into a population

A

Immigration

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3
Q

The movement of individuals out of a population

A

Emigration

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4
Q

This occurs when numbers increase by a certain factor in each successive time period

A

Exponential growth

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5
Q

A factor that restrains the growth of a population

Ex: food, predators

A

Limiting factor

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6
Q

Begins with a minimum number of individuals and reaches a maximum depending on carrying capacity

A

Logistic growth

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7
Q

The number of individuals the environment can support over a long period of time

A

Carrying capacity

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8
Q

Reduce population regardless of the population’s size

Ex: floods, forest fires, global warming

A

Density-independent factors

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9
Q

Factors that affect populations due to their size, and always involve resource availability
Ex: number of nesting sites, food resources

A

Density-dependent factors

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10
Q

Species are currently disappearing faster than at any time since the last mass extinction (65 mya). It is estimated that about 1/5th of the species in the world may disappear this century

A

6th mass extinction

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11
Q

Narrows the gene pool and makes them less able to adapt to changing environmental conditions (mating with relatives)

A

Inbreeding

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12
Q

The act of one organisms killing another for food

Ex: camouflage, mimicry

A

Predation

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13
Q

The act of an organism living off another organism. The host is usually larger than the parasite and is harmed but not killed
Ex: ticks, fleas

A

Parasitism

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14
Q

The eating of plants, often without killing the plants.
Locust trees-thorns
Milkweeds-bad tasting chemicals

A

Herbivory

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15
Q

A relationship between two species that live in close association with each other. Two forms are mutualism and commensalism

A

Symbiosis

16
Q

A relationship between two species in which both species benefit

A

Mutualism

17
Q

A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

A

Commensalism

18
Q

The organism’s role in the community

A

Niche

19
Q

The entire range of conditions where an organism or species could survive

A

Fundamental niche

20
Q

The actual niche that a species occupies in a community

A

Realized niche

21
Q

The exclusion of one species by another due to competition

A

Competitive exclusion

22
Q

When some species avoid competition for resources with similar species by dividing the resources

A

Resource partitioning

23
Q

Are critical to an ecosystem and affect the survival of many species in the community

A

Keystone species