Chapter 11- Section 2

Question 0

The pairing of homologous chromosomes

Answer 0

Synapsis

Question 1

A form of cell division that produces sex cells and reduces the chromosome number by half by dividing twice

Answer 1

Meiosis

Question 2

Each pair of homologous chromosomes

Answer 2

Tetrad

Question 3

The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes which results in genetic recombination

Answer 3

Crossing over

Question 4

Random separation of homologous chromosomes

Answer 4

Independent assortment

Question 5

Adds genetic variation because the zygote that forms is made by the random joining of two gametes

Answer 5

Random fertilization

Question 6

Process where an undiparentiated germ cell develops into 4 haploid sperm cells

Answer 6

Spermatogenesis

Question 7

Process where an undifferentiated germ cell develops into an ovum plus 3 haploid polar bodies

Answer 7

Oogenesis

Question 8

List the forms of asexual reproduction

Answer 8

• Binary Fission
• Splitting
• Fragmentation
• Budding
• Vegetative Reproduction
• Parthenogenesis

Question 9

List all of the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction

Answer 9

ADVANTAGES: Large numbers of offspring very quickly, no male selection
DISADVANTAGES: Susceptible to environmental change

Question 10

List all of the advantages in sexual reproduction

Answer 10

Offspring are genetically diverse and more likely to survive environmental change

Question 11

Compare and contrast Meiosis and Mitosis

Answer 11

MITOSIS: in body cells, goes through one division, results in two identical diploid cells, has a full set of chromosomes
MEIOSIS: in sex cells, two divisions, results in four genetically diverse haploid cells with half the chromosomes