VIROLOGY 6 - VIRUSES AND CANCER AND PATHOGENIC VIRUSES Flashcards
how is cell division under strict genetic control
What is neoplasia
uncontrolled cell division in multicellular animals
mass of neoplastic cells is a tumor
what are benign vs malignant tumors?
what are proto oncogenes?
promote cell growth and division
what are oncogenes?
transform normal cells into cancerous cells
uncontrolled activation of oncogene (active proto oncogene) can lead to cancer
what are some environmental factors that can contribute to activation of oncogenes
- UV
- radiation
- carcinogens (mutagenic chemicals)
- viruses
how could viruses cause human cancers
insert inside the repressor: stops repressor gene
what are characteristics of transformed cells
when some viruses integrate into the host cell’s DNA, they replicate along with the host chromosome and can alter the cell’s characteristics
what are some examples of DNA oncogenic viruses?
how do RNA oncogenic viruses work?
other cancer causing factors can be chronic inflammation
what are oncolytic viruses/
infect and lyse cancer cells
characteristic of SARS-CoV-2?
what are the symptoms of COVID-19?
cytokine storm: immune system is out of whack, not regulated
how is SARS-CoV-2 transmitted?
human to humans = horizontal transmission
what are mRNA vaccines made of and how do they work?
characteristics of the influenza virus?
what is antigenic drift?
minor change in influenza virus antigens due to gene mutation
what is antigenic shift?
major change in influenza virus antigen due to gene reassortment
