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MIMM211 > CONTROL OF MICROORGANISMS 2 > Flashcards

CONTROL OF MICROORGANISMS 2 Flashcards

1
Q

antiseptics characteristics

A

liquids

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2
Q

how do biocides activate multidrug resistance?

A
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3
Q

disinfectant characteristics

A
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4
Q

what are the mechanisms of action of alcohols

A

ethanol, isopropanol
denature proteins
dissolve lipids in membrane
practical use is 60-70% EtOH for 10-15 minute

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5
Q

what are the mechanisms of action of phenolics

A

and phenol derivatives (triclosan, lysol) disrupt cell membrane and denatures proteins

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6
Q

what are the mechanisms of action of aldehydes

A

glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde
highly reactive, crosslink with nucleic acid and proteins to inactivate them
very toxic

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7
Q

what are the mechanisms of action of halogens

A

Cl-O-H is hypochlorous acid

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8
Q

what are gaseous ways of microbial control

A

sterilants and disinfectant

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9
Q

gas sterilants and disinfectant characteristics

A
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10
Q

what are modern approaches to surface contaminations

A

self sterilizing surfaces
- copper and other antibacterial material coated surfaces
- nanopillar mediated killing of bacteria

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11
Q

what are mechanical methods of microbial control?

A

air filtration and liquid filtration
both sterilise

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12
Q

liquid filtration system characteristics

A
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13
Q

air filtration system characteristics

A
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14
Q

why does antimicrobial control fail?

A
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15
Q

what are biofilms?

A
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16
Q

where can biofilms be found?

A
17
Q

how do biofilms resist biocides and antibiotics?

A
18
Q

how do biofilms form

A

formed from individual bacteria on abiotic surfaces
formation of mushroom like structures

19
Q

how do you determine which method to use?

A
20
Q

what methods of antimicrobial control are used in a grocery store?

A

air and liquid filtration
pasteurization and gamma rays
disinfectant

21
Q

what methods of antimicrobial control are used in a microbiology lab?

A

air and liquid filtration
steam autoclave and UV
gas sterilants, chemotherapy and disinfectant

22
Q

what methods of antimicrobial control are used in a hospital?

A

air and liquid filtration
incineration, steam autoclave, gamma, UV
gas sterilants, antiseptics, chemotherapy, disinfectant
(everything except boiling and pasteurization)

23
Q

what are the levels of biosafety and laboratory methods for each of those methods

A
24
Q

what are factors to consider when trying to limit transmission

A
25
Q

what is PPE

A
26
Q

how is ebola virus transmitted

A
27
Q

which factors of transmission does ebola have?

A

mode of transmission: contact and droplets
infectious dose: low
no treatment
animal vector (bats)
can infect normal people, don’t necessarily have to be susceptible

MIMM211 (35 decks)

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