Virology Flashcards
1
Q
Naked RNA viruses (3)
A
- Caliciviridae
- Picornaviridae
- Reoviridae
2
Q
Naked DNA viruses (4)
A
- Parvoviridae
- Adenoviridae
- Papillomaviridae
- Polyomaviridae
3
Q
Composed of beta pleated sheets; highly resistant to activation, can transmit spongiform encephalopathies
A
Prions
4
Q
Only virus that contains both DNA and RNA
A
Mimivirus
5
Q
Virus with ssDNA
A
Parvovirus
6
Q
Virus with dsRNA
A
Reovirus
7
Q
Viruses with segmented genomes (high reassortment potential) (4)
A
- Bunyaviruses
- Orthomyxoviruses
- Arenaviruses
- Reoviruses
8
Q
Viruses that need an RNA-dependent polymerase (6)
A
- Arenaviruses
- Bunyaviruses
- Paramyxoviruses
- Orthomyxoviruses
- Filoviruses
- Rhabdoviruses
Contain negative strand RNA
9
Q
Only viral vaccine that can be given to HIV positive patients
A
MMR (measles, mumps, rubella)
10
Q
Icosahedral, naked ssDNA
A
Parvovirus B-19
11
Q
Enveloped, icosahedral, circular dsDNA
A
Hepadnavirus
12
Q
Enveloped, icosahedral, linear dsDNA
A
Herpesvirus (herpes, varicella, EBV, CMV)
13
Q
Enveloped, complex shaped, circular dsDNA
A
Poxvirus
14
Q
Naked, icosahedral, circular dsDNA
A
Papillomavirus and Polyomavirus
15
Q
Naked, icosahedral, linear dsDNA
A
Adenovirus
16
Q
All DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus except ______
A
Poxvirus
17
Q
Febrile illness with slapped cheek appearance
A
Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus B-19)
18
Q
Can cause aplastic crisis, fetal death and hydrops fetalis, arthritis, and pancytopenia in chronic disease
A
Parvovirus B-19
19
Q
Fiber contained in adenoviruses
A
Panton fiber
Adenovirus is the only virus that contains fiber
20
Q
Virus that can cause both respiratory tract infection, hemorrhagic cystitis and gastroenteritis simultaneously; with Cowdry type B intranuclear inclusions
A
Adenovirus
21
Q
HPV genes that encode proteins that inhibit tumor suppressor genes, causing cervical CA
A
Genes E6 and E7
22
Q
Verruca vulgaris (palmar and plantar warts)
A
HPV 1-4
23
Q
Condyloma acuminata (genital warts), respiratory tract papilloma
A
HPV 6, 11
24
Q
Cervical, penile, anal CA
A
HPV 16, 18, 31, 33
25
Imiquimod can be used to treat: (3)
1. Actinic keratosis
2. Superficial basal cell CA
3. Condyloma acuminata
26
Causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (demyelinating disease with deficits in speech, coordination and memory) in AIDS patients
JC polyoma virus
27
Hemorrhagic cystitis and nephropathy in transplant patients
BK polyoma virus
28
Site of latency: HSV-1
Trigeminal ganglia
29
Site of latency: HSV-2
Lumbosacral ganglia
30
Diagnostic test used to visualize multinucleated giant cells in herpes simplex
Tzanck smear
31
Cowdry type A bodies, temporal lobe enchephalitis, herpetic whitlow, keratoconjunctivitis and gingivostomatitis
Herpes simplex virus 1
32
Painful anogenital vesicles, neonatal infection, aspetic meningitis
Herpes simplex virus 2
33
DOC for HSV infection
Acyclovir
34
Site of latency: VZV
Dorsal root ganglia
35
Vesicular centrifugal rash with varying morphology; complications include pneumonia, encephalitis, or Reye's syndrome
Varicella
36
Painful vesicles in a dermatomal distribution
Zoster (VZV reactivation)
37
Herpes zoster oticus, with facial nerve paralysis
Ramsay Hunt syndrome (VZV)
38
CMV proteins that impair the assembly of MHC class 1 complexes
Immediate early proteins
39
Most common cause of congenital abnormalities: microcephaly, periventricular calcifications, deafness, jaundice, blueberry muffin rash
Congenital CMV
40
Heterophil-negative mononucleosis, with owl's eye intranuclear inclusions
CMV
41
Most common cause of blindness in HIV
CMV retinitis
42
DOC for CMV
Gancyclovir
43
Triad of the "Kissing disease"
1. Fever
2. Sore throat (exudative ATP)
3. Lymphadenopathy
44
Heterophil-positive mononucleosis
EBV
45
EBV is associated with malignancies: (3)
1. Burkitt's (non-Hodgkin) lymphoma
2. Nasopharyngeal CA
3. Hairy leukoplakia
46
Kaposi's sarcoma is caused by:
HHV-8
47
Smallpox, with Guarnieri bodies
Variola virus
48
Pinkish papular shin lesions with an umbilicated center; Henderson-Peterson bodies
Molluscum contagiosum virus
49
Marker of Hep B infection
HBsAg
50
Marker of viral replication (active shedding)
HBeAg
51
Antibody to HBsAg; marker of host immune response
Anti-HBs
52
Marker of chronicity (IgM - acute, IgG - chronic)
Anti-HBc
53
Tx for HBV infections
Interferon alpha, lamivudin
54
Picornaviridae (5)
1. Poliovirus
2. Echovirus
3. Rhinovirus
4. Coxsackievirus
5. HAV
All are oral-fecal route except Rhinovirus
55
Replicates in the motor neurons of the anterior horn of the spinal cord, with Cowdry type B intranuclear inclusions
Poliovirus
56
Most common clinical form of poliomyelitis
Abortive poliomyelitis (mild, nonspecific febrile illness)
57
Herpangina, Hand foot and mouth disease, hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
Coxsackievirus A
58
Pleurodynia, Myocarditis and pericarditis
Coxsackievirus B
59
Aseptic meningitis
Coxsackievirus A and B
60
Most common cause of the common cold
Rhinovirus
61
AKA enterovirus 72; causes asymptomatic, self-limited hepatitis
HAV
62
Hepatitis with high mortality in pregnant women
HEV
63
Most common cause of nonbacterial diarrhea in adults
Norwalk virus
64
Most common cause of childhood diarrhea
Rotavirus
65
Virus present in humans, birds, fowl, pigs, and other animals; undergoes antigenic shift (reassortment between species-specific strains) to create new strains that incite pandemics
Influenza A virus
66
Present in humans only; undergoes antigenic drift (minor genetic mutations) to produce modified versions of itself, inciting outbreaks
Influenza B virus
67
DOC for influenza virus
Oseltamivir, zanamivir
68
Causes the formation of multinucleated giant cells (syncitia) in paramyxoviruses
Fusion protein
69
Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, Koplik's spots; with a maculopapular rash that spreads cephalocaudally; Warthin Finkeldy bodies are seen on histopath; may lead to subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Measles virus
70
Tx for prevention of measles complications (pneumonia, SSP, encephalitis)
Vitamin A
71
Parotitis, orchitis, meningitis, pancreatitis
Mumps virus
72
Pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants
RSV
73
Tx for RSV, Hep C
Ribavirin
74
Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup); steeple sign on xray; treated with inhaled racemic epinephrine
Parainfluenza virus 1 and 2
75
Bullet shaped virus that infects sensory neurons; causes confusion, hypersalivation, hydrophobia, aerophobia, flaccid paralysis, encephalitis; Negri bodies seen on histopath
Rabies virus
76
Rabies Ig is given in category ____ animal bite
Category III (with bleeding bite or scratch)
77
Virus with prominent club-shaped spikes; #2 cause of common colds; can cause SARS
Coronavirus
78
Vector of transmission for dengue
Aedes aegypti mosquito
79
Most prevalent blood-borne pathogen; common in IV drug users; can incite autoimmune reactions, chronic carriage, hepatocellular CA, liver cirrhosis
HCV
80
"3 day measles"; posterior auricular lymphadenopathy, polyarthritis
German measles (rubella)
81
Congenital cataracts, sensorineural deafness, mental retardation, cardiac defects (PDA), blueberry muffin spots
Congenital rubella syndrome
82
HIV envelope glycoproteins
gp41 (transmembrane; fuses with cell), gp 120 (surface, binds to CD4)
83
Major capsid protein, houses the HIV viral genome; antibodies serve as the basis for the Western blot
p24
84
Essential for HIV viral assembly and entry of the viral DNA into the nucleus
Outer matrix protein p17
85
"Histone" that tightly complexes the HIV RNA
p7
86
Codes for p24, p17, p7
gag
87
Codes for reverse transcriptase and other necessary enzymes (protease, integrase, ribonuclease)
pol
88
Codes for gp41, gp120
env
89
1. Responsible for rapid antigenic variation, preventing an HIV cure
2. Most immunogenic region
1. gp120 (surface protein)
| 2. V3 loop
90
Mild flulike illness occuring at the peak of HIV viral load
Acute retroviral syndrome
91
Mucocutaneous, dermatologic and hematologic illnesses occur at CD count ___
CD4 500-200
92
AIDS-defining illnesses develop at CD count ____
CD4
93
TB, HSV, Candida, HHV-8 infections in HIV
CD
94
PCP, toxoplasma, cryptococcal infections
CD
95
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex, histoplasmosis, CMV retinitis
CD
96
#1 killer in AIDS
TB
97
Screening test for AIDS
ELISA
98
Confirmatory test for AIDS
Western blot
99
HIV test for prognostication/determination of viral load
PCR
100
HAART therapy for HIV
Zidovudine, lamivudine, indinavir
101
Causes adult T cell leukemia and myelopathy; Malignant T cells with flower shaped nucleus
Human T-cell Lymphotropic virus (HTLV)
102
"Thread-like" virus causing highly fatal hemorrhagic fever
Ebola virus
103
Bird-mosquito-man cycle; causes febrile illness progressing to neuroinvasive disease
West Nile virus
104
Most common cause of epidemic thalamic encephalitis; transmitted by Culex mosquitoes, common in southeast Asia
Japanese B virus
