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Microbiology II > Other Bacteria > Flashcards

Other Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Undulating fever

A

Brucella abortus

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2
Q

Infection from rabbits, deer or rodents; transmitted by tick bite (dermacentor)

A

Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)

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3
Q

Most virulent bacteria; causes buboes and cutaneous hemorrhage

A

Yersinia pestis (plague)

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4
Q

Animal bite infection

A

Pasturella multocida

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5
Q

Buttery colonies of pasturella multocida with musty odor due to production of _________

A

Indole

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6
Q

Reproductive tract infection in cattle, infection through contaminated dairy or direct contact with cows

A

Brucella abortus

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7
Q

Uses heat to stabilize carbolfuscin

A

Ziehl-Neelsen

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8
Q

Uses detergent to stabilize carbolfuscin

A

Kinyoun

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9
Q

Lipids of mycobacterium tuberculosis (2)

A
  1. Mycolic acid, 2. Wax D
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10
Q

Prevents phagolysosome fusion in M. tuberculosis

A

Exported repetitive protein (sulfatides)

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11
Q

Prevents leukocyte migration in TB

A

Cord factor

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12
Q

Delayed hypersensitivity against TB; basis for the PPD test

A

Tuberculin surface protein

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13
Q

Subpleural TB granuloma

A

Ghon’s focus

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14
Q

Ghon’s focus + lymph node

A

Ghon’s complex

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15
Q

Radiologically detectable TB calcification

A

Ranke’s complex

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16
Q

Reactivation TB, usually in the apices

A

Simon’s focus

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17
Q

TB may be secondarily infected with ____________

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

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18
Q

PPD cutoff value: Philippines

A

> 8mm

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19
Q

PPD cutoff value: immunosuppressed

A

> 5mm

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20
Q

PPD cutoff value: high risk population

A

> 10 mm

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21
Q

PPD cutoff value: low risk population

A

> 15 mm

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22
Q

Most common extrapulmonary TB

A

Scrofula

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23
Q

Other use of BCG vaccine other than TB prevention

A

Intravesical injection for urinary bladder CA

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24
Q

Pulmonary disease when CD4

A

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex

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25
Q

Must be cultured on the footpads of a mouse or armadillo

A

Mycobacterium leprae

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26
Q

Macrophages filled with M. leprae

A

Globi

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27
Q

Free bacilli, not contained in globi

A

Red Snappers

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28
Q

Marked tissue destruction, many lesions, many acid-fast bacilli, high infectivity, negative lepromin skin test due to reduced or absent cell mediated response

A

Lepromatous leprosy

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29
Q

Minimal tissue destruction, few lesions, few acid-fast bacilli, low infectivity, positive lepromin skin test due to intact cell mediated response

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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30
Q

Hypopigmented plaques, thickened superficial nerves and significant anesthesia

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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31
Q

Leonine facies, erythema nodosum leprosum

A

Lepromatous leprosy

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32
Q
  1. Tx for lepromatous leprosy

2. Side effects of the drugs

A
  1. Dapsone (methemoglobinemia), 2. Rifampicin (hepatotoxic, orange colored secretions), 3. Clofazimine (bronze discoloration)
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33
Q
  1. Tx for erythema nodosum leprosum

2. Side effect of the drug

A
  1. Thalidomide

2. Phocomelia

34
Q

Hard, nontender swelling with sinus tracts draining sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces Israelii

35
Q

Aerobic, filamentous gram positive rods with aerial hyphae, weakly acid fast on Fite-Faraco stain

A

Nocardia asteroides

36
Q

Mycetomas, orange colonies of lung and brain abscesses

A

Nocardia asteroides

37
Q

Only bacteria with sterol in its cell membrane; produces P1 adhesin, H2O2, cold agglutinins

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

38
Q

“Walking pneumonia”; associated with SJS (most common cause), Raynaud’s phenomenon, Guillain-Barre syndrome

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

39
Q

Coiled microaerophilic spirochete; seen on darkfield microscopy

A

Treponema pallidum

40
Q

Nontender chancre

A

Primary syphilis

41
Q

Condyloma lata, maculopapular rash

A

Secondary syphilis

42
Q

Gummas, Neurosyphilis, tree-bark aortitis

A

Tertiary syphilis

43
Q

Pupils that are unreactive to light but are able to accommodate

A

Argyll-Robertson pupil (prostitute’s pupil)

44
Q

Snuffles, mulberry molars, saber shins, pulmonary hemorrhage, Clutton’s joints (synovitis)

A

Congenital syphilis

45
Q

Hutchinson triad in congenital syphilis

A

Hutchinson teeth, deafness, keratitis

46
Q

Unilateral enlargement of the sternoclavicular portion of the clavicle, leading to detachment

A

Higoumenakis sign

47
Q

Screening test for syphilis

48
Q

Confirmatory test for syphilis

49
Q

Influenza-like symptoms occurring a few hours after commencing treatment with Penicillin G

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

50
Q

Diseases transmitted by the deer tick (Ixodes scapularis) (2)

A
  1. Babesia microti, 2. Borrelia burgdorferi
51
Q

Erythema chronicum migrans (target lesions)

A

Stage 1 of Lyme disease

52
Q

Myocarditis, meningitis, Bell’s palsy

A

Stage 2 of Lyme disease

53
Q

Autoimmune migratory polyarthritis, onion-skin lesions, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans

A

Stage 3 of Lyme disease

54
Q

Causes Relapsing Fever due to programmed rearrangements; transmitted by Pediculus humanus

A

Borrelia recurrentis

55
Q

Thin, coiled spirochetes with “Shepherd’s crook” appearance

A

Leptospira interrogans

56
Q

Gold standard in the diagnosis of leptospirosis

A

LeptoMAT (microscopic agglutination test)

57
Q

Febrile illness, with intense calf tenderness, conjunctival suffusion

A

Acute leptospiremic phase

58
Q

Aseptic meningitis, snowflake pulmonary lesions on CXR, hepatic necrosis, Type 3 hypersensitivity mediated glomerulonephritis

A

Immune leptospiruric phase

59
Q

Triad of jaundice, bleeding, uremia; with orange cast skin and massive pulmonary hemorrhage

A

Weil syndrome

60
Q

Obligate intracellular bacteria (2)

A
  1. Chlamydia, 2. Rickettsia
61
Q

Inactive, extracellular chlamydia; infectious form that enters the cell thru endocytosis

A

Elementary body

62
Q

Metabolically active, intracellular chlamydia; comprises the cytoplasmic inclusions seen on Giemsa stain

A

Reticulate body

63
Q

Most common STD overall

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

64
Q

Chronic keratoconjunctivitis, Halberstadter-Prowazek inclusions near the nuclei of conjunctival epithelial cells

A

Trachoma (types A-C)

65
Q

Non-gonorrheal urethritis in males, PID in females; neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia; associated with Reiter’s syndrome

A

Chlamydia types D-K

66
Q

Late onset; tachypnea, staccato cough, absence of fever, eosinophilia

A

Chlamydia neonatal pneumonia

67
Q

Inguinal lymphadenitis (buboes), (+) Groove sign

A

Lymphogranuloma venereum (types L1-L3)

68
Q

Atypical pneumonia associated with atherosclerosis

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae

69
Q

Sudden onset pneumonia with a history of exposure to exotic birds

A

Chlamydia psittaci (Bird fancier’s disease)

70
Q

Cross reaction of rickettsiae with antigens of OX strains of proteus vulgaris

A

Weil-Felix reaction

71
Q

Rocky mountain spotted fever

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

72
Q

Rickettsial infection with eschar formation

A

Rickettsia akari

73
Q

Epidemic rickettsia

A

Rickettsia prowazekii

74
Q

Endemic rickettsia

A

Rickettsia typhi

75
Q

Scrub typhus

A

Orientsia tsutsugamushi

76
Q

Q fever; no vector, no rash, high mortality rate

A

Coxiella burnetti

77
Q

Cat scratch disease in immunocompetent; bacillary angiomatosis in immunocompromised

A

Bartonella henselae

78
Q

Transmitted by dog tick bite (Dermacentor); forms morulae in the cytoplasm of monocytes

A

Ehrlichia chaffensis

79
Q

Clue cells, positive whiff test; fishy, malodorous vaginal discharge

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

80
Q

Painful genital ulcer; cultured on chocolate agar with Factor X

A

Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid)

81
Q

Mesenteric adenitis

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

82
Q

Donovan bodies, beefy red genital ulcers with pseudobuboe formation

A

Klebsiella granulomatis (granuloma inguinale/donovanosis)

Microbiology II (13 decks)

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