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Microbiology II > Gram Negative Rods > Flashcards

Gram Negative Rods Flashcards

1
Q

Bordet-Gengou agar, whooping cough

A

Bordetella pertussis

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2
Q

Poorly gram staining, silver stain, charcoal yeast agar, airconditioning

A

Legionella pneumophilia

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3
Q

Satellite phenomenon around S. Aureus

A

H. Influenzae

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4
Q
  1. Most common cause of acute epiglottitis

2. Treatment for epiglottitis

A
  1. H. Influenzae

2. Ceftriaxone

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5
Q

Damages ciliated cells; causes whooping

A

Tracheal cytotoxin (bordetella pertussis)

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6
Q

Stage of pertussis where bacterial load is highest

A

Catarrhal stage

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7
Q

Stage of pertussis where whooping is observed

A

Paroxysmal stage

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8
Q

Stage of pertussis where complications develop (pneumonia, seizures, encephalopathy)

A

Convalescent stage

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9
Q

Enriched chocolate agar, polyribitol phosphate capsule

A

Hemophilus influenza type B

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10
Q

Transmission via environmental water source; person to person transmission does not occur

A

Legionella pneumophila

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11
Q

Endotoxin is the sole virulence factor; cell replicates intracellularly

A

Legionella

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12
Q

Pontiac fever

A

Legionella

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13
Q

Atypical pneumonia with electrolyte imbalance (diarrhea, hyponatremia, proteinuria, confusion)

A

Legionella

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14
Q

Lactose fermenter, urease positive, produces a green/metallic sheen on EMB

A

E. Coli

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15
Q

Lactose fermenter, urease positive, ESBL

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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16
Q

Comma shaped, microaerophilic, skirrow’s agar

A

Campylobacter jejuni

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17
Q

Comma shaped, urease positive, skirrow’s agar

A

Helicobacter pylori

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18
Q

Motile, oxidase negative, H2S producer, nonlactose fermenting

A

Salmonella

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19
Q

Nonmotile, oxidase negative, H2S nonproducer, nonlactose fermenter

A

Shigella

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20
Q

Swarming, oxidase negative, H2S producer, urease positive

A

Proteus mirabilis

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21
Q
  1. Causative organism of Struvite stones

2. Composition of struvite

A
  1. Proteus mirabilis

2. Magnesium, ammonium, phosphate

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22
Q

Oxidase positive, H2S nonproducer, obligate aerobe

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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23
Q

Causes watery diarrhea in E. Coli infection

A

HST and HLT toxins

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24
Q

Causes bloody diarrhea in E. Coli infection

A

Shiga-like verotoxin

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25
Virulence factors: H antigen (flagellum), K antigen (capsule), O/somatic antigen (endotoxin), enterotoxins
E. Coli
26
Traveler's diarrhea
ETEC
27
Watery diarrhea in children and developing countries
EPEC
28
Bloody diarrhea; can cause HUS
EHEC/STEC
29
Typing of EHEC
O157:H7
30
Bloody diarrhea without HUS
EIEC
31
Persistent watery diarrhea in the young and immunocompromised (HIV/AIDS)
EAEC
32
Salmonella that lives in human colon only
Salmonella typhi
33
Salmonella that lives in both humans and animals (poultry, eggs)
Salmonella enteritidis
34
Salmonella enterocolitis
S. Enteritidis, s. Typhimurium
35
Typhoid fever
S. Typhi
36
Chronic carrier state of S. Typhi
Gallbladder
37
Antigen in typhoid fever that allows for invasion in peyer's patches
Vi capsular antigen
38
Salmonella choleraesuis septicemia: 1. Common sites of seeding (3) 2. Common patient populations
1. Bone (osteomyelitis), lung (pneumonia), brain (meningitis) 2. Px with sickle cell anemia, cancer
39
Ideal samples for typhoid fever during: Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Sample can be taken from __________ at any point during the illness
1. Blood 2. Urine 3. Stool Bone marrow
40
Pulse-fever disproportion, rose spots
Typhoid fever (S. Typhi)
41
Transmission of shigella (4 Fs)
Food, fingers, feces, flies
42
Most common cause of bacillary dysentery
Shigella sonnei (Duval's bacillus)
43
Most severe type of dysentery; most common cause of epidemic dysentery
Shigella dysenteriae type 1
44
Group A: shigella dysenteriae
Type 1: shiga bacillus | Type 2: Schmitz bacillus
45
Group B: shigella flexneri
Flexner's bacillus, Hiss and Russell's bacillus
46
Group C: shigella boydii
Newcastle Manchester bacillus
47
Group D: shigella sonnei
Duval's bacillus
48
Vibrio spp that lives in human colon only
Vibrio cholerae
49
Vibrio spp that lives in saltwater
V. Parahemolyticus, V. Vulnificus
50
Vibrio spp that causes cholera pandemics
Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor (cholera El Tor)
51
Cholera enterotoxin that acts via ADP ribosylation
Choleragen
52
Cholera virulence factor that causes attachment to the intestinal mucosa
Mucinase
53
Grows well in hot temperatures (42 C)
Campylobacter jejuni
54
Most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis
Campylobacter jejuni
55
Associated diseases of campylobacter jejuni
Guillain barre syndrome | Reiter's syndrome
56
Damages gastric goblet cells; produces ammonia from urea that neutralizes gastric acid
H. Pylori
57
Associated diseases of H. Pylori
Gastric CA, MALT lymphoma
58
4 antibiotics used in the tx of H. Pylori
Tetracycline, metronidazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin
59
Necrotizing pneumonia with currant jelly sputum
Klebsiella pneumoniae
60
Most common cause of pneumonia in alcoholics
Klebsiella
61
Blue green pigment of pseudomonas
Pyocyanin
62
Causes the sweet grape-like odor of pseudomonas
Aminoacetophenone
63
Virulence factors responsible for necrotizing pneumonia in pseudomonas
Elastase and protease
64
Damages cilia and mucosal cells in pseudomonas infection
Pyocyanin
65
Causes hemoglobin breakdown in pseudomonas infection
Verdoglobin
66
Hot tub folliculitis, green nail syndrome, burn infections, contact lens keratitis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
67
Most common cause of otitis externa, CSOM
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
68
Osteomyelitis and pubic osteomyelitis in IV drug users
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
69
Typhlitis, Shanghai fever, peritonitis in px undergoing peritoneal dialysis
Pseudomonas
70
Predominant anaerobe of the human colon
Bacteroides fragilis
71
Causes abdominal abscesses, peritonitis, or cerebral abscess with bowel perforation
Bacteroides fragilis

Microbiology II (13 decks)

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