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Microbiology II > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell wall component of fungi

A

Chitin

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2
Q

Major membrane sterol in fungi

A

Ergosterol

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3
Q

Antifungal that inhibits ergosterol synthesis

A

Imidazoles (ketoconazole, miconazole, clotrimazole)

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4
Q

Antifungals that bind tightly to ergosterol and create pores

A

Polyenes (amphotericin B)

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5
Q

Live on dead organic material

A

Saprophytic or saprobic fungi

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6
Q

Lives on another living organism

A

Parasitic fungi

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7
Q

Single cells; replicate by budding

A

Yeast

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8
Q

Have hyphae (septate or nonseptate) and mycelia; replicate by mitosis

A

Molds

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9
Q

Property that allow fungi to grow as yeasts in tissues and molds at room temperature

A

Thermal dimorphism

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10
Q

Amanita mushroom toxins (2)

A
  1. Amantin, 2. Phylloidin
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11
Q

Produces aflatoxin, causing liver CA

A

Aspergillus flavus

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12
Q

Laboratory diagnoses of fungi (2)

A
  1. KOH, 2. Saboraud’s agar
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13
Q

Antifungal that inhibits glucan synthesis (component of cell wall)

A

Echinocandins (caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin)

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14
Q

Inhibits conversion of squalene to lanosterol in ergosterol synthesis

A

Terbinafine, naftifine, amorolfine

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15
Q

Inhibits mitosis by affecting microtubule function

A

Griseofulvin

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16
Q

Affects fungal DNA synthesis

A

Flucytosine

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17
Q

Dermatophytes (3)

A
  1. Microsporum canis
  2. Trichophyton tonsurans
  3. Epidermophyton floccosum
18
Q

Hypersensitivity reaction that occurs a distance away from the original site

A

Dermatophytid reaction

19
Q

Athlete’s foot

A

Tinea pedis

20
Q

Jock itch

A

Tina cruris

21
Q

Dermatophytosis commonly seen in children

A

Tinea capitis

22
Q

Facial hair dermatophytosis

A

Tinea barba

23
Q

Tinea versicolor; spaghetti and meatballs morphology

A

Malassezia furfur

24
Q

Dimorphic fungus that commonly affects rose gardeners

A

Sporothrix schenckii

25
Q

Arthrospores (mold form) form spherules (yeast form), causing granulomata in the bones and CNS, erythema nodosum (“desert bumps”); also known as Valley fever

A

Coccidioides immitis

26
Q

Antifungal that crosses the blood brain barrier; used in cases of fungal meningitis

A

Fluconazole

27
Q

Dimorphic fungus; from bird droppings and bat guano; inhalation of microconidia causes TB-like illness; budding yeasts are found inside macrophages

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

28
Q

Round yeast with broad based bud; most common cause of fungal pneumonia

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

29
Q

Thick yeast with multiple buds in wheel configuration (mariner’s wheel); causes chronic pneumonia with painful ulcers in men only

A

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Estrogen inhibits its growth
AKA Lutz-Splendore de Almeida disease or “man-hater fungus”

30
Q

Oval yeast with a single bud or pseudohyphae

A

Candida albicans

31
Q

Oral thrush, vulvovaginitis with curd-like discharge, intertrigo, satellite lesions on skin, onychomycosis

A

Candida infection in the immunocompetent

32
Q

Pseudomembranous esophagitis, endocarditis, subcutaneous nodules

A

Candida infection in the immunocompromised

33
Q

Oval yeast with narrow based bud that grows in bird (pigeon) droppings; can cause asymptomatic lung infection, meningitis, or encephalitis

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

34
Q

Technique/dye used to visualize cryptococcus neoformans

A

India ink (nigrosin)

35
Q

Exist only as molds with septate hyphae that form acute angles (V shaped configuration)

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

36
Q

Can form fungus balls in lung cavities; causes asthma-like allgeric bronchopulmonary illness with expectoration of brownish bronchial plugs

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

37
Q

Saprophytic molds with nonseptate hyphae that form right angles

A

Rhizopus oryzae and Mucor spp

38
Q

Rhino-orbital-cerebral infection with eschar formation in patients with DKA, burns or leukemia

A

Mucormycosis (Rhizopus oryzae and Mucor spp)

39
Q

Most common AIDS-defining illness (at CD4

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

40
Q

Indeterminate organism with a surface glycoprotein undergoes programmed rearrangements; induces an inflammatory response producing a frothy exudate that causes VQ mismatch in the lungs

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci

41
Q

DOC for PCP

A

TMP-SMX

Microbiology II (13 decks)

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